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zj
2026-02-03 03:25:29 +08:00
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# disk_operations.py
import subprocess
import logging
import re
import os
from PySide6.QtWidgets import QMessageBox, QInputDialog
from system_info import SystemInfoManager
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
class DiskOperations:
def __init__(self, system_manager: SystemInfoManager): # NEW: 接收 system_manager 实例
self.system_manager = system_manager
def _execute_shell_command(self, command_list, error_message, root_privilege=True,
suppress_critical_dialog_on_stderr_match=None, input_data=None):
"""
通用地运行一个 shell 命令,并处理错误。
:param command_list: 命令及其参数的列表。
:param error_message: 命令失败时显示给用户的错误消息。
:param root_privilege: 如果为 True则使用 sudo 执行命令。
:param suppress_critical_dialog_on_stderr_match: 如果 stderr 包含此字符串,则不显示关键错误对话框。
可以是字符串或字符串元组。
:param input_data: 传递给命令stdin的数据 (str)。
:return: (True/False, stdout_str, stderr_str)
"""
if not all(isinstance(arg, str) for arg in command_list):
logger.error(f"命令列表包含非字符串元素: {command_list}")
QMessageBox.critical(None, "错误", f"内部错误:尝试执行的命令包含无效参数。\n命令详情: {command_list}")
return False, "", "内部错误:命令参数类型不正确。"
if root_privilege:
command_list = ["sudo"] + command_list
full_cmd_str = ' '.join(command_list)
logger.debug(f"执行命令: {full_cmd_str}")
try:
result = subprocess.run(
command_list,
capture_output=True,
text=True,
check=True,
encoding='utf-8',
input=input_data
)
logger.info(f"命令成功: {full_cmd_str}")
return True, result.stdout.strip(), result.stderr.strip()
except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
stderr_output = e.stderr.strip()
logger.error(f"命令失败: {full_cmd_str}")
logger.error(f"退出码: {e.returncode}")
logger.error(f"标准输出: {e.stdout.strip()}")
logger.error(f"标准错误: {stderr_output}")
# Determine if the error dialog should be suppressed by this function
should_suppress_dialog_here = False
if suppress_critical_dialog_on_stderr_match:
if isinstance(suppress_critical_dialog_on_stderr_match, str):
if suppress_critical_dialog_on_stderr_match in stderr_output:
should_suppress_dialog_here = True
elif isinstance(suppress_critical_dialog_on_stderr_match, tuple):
if any(s in stderr_output for s in suppress_critical_dialog_on_stderr_match):
should_suppress_dialog_here = True
if should_suppress_dialog_here:
logger.info(f"错误信息 '{stderr_output}' 匹配抑制条件,不显示关键错误对话框。")
else:
QMessageBox.critical(None, "错误", f"{error_message}\n错误详情: {stderr_output}")
return False, e.stdout.strip(), stderr_output
except FileNotFoundError:
QMessageBox.critical(None, "错误", f"命令 '{command_list[0]}' 未找到。请确保已安装相关工具。")
logger.error(f"命令 '{command_list[0]}' 未找到。")
return False, "", f"命令 '{command_list[0]}' 未找到。"
except Exception as e:
QMessageBox.critical(None, "错误", f"执行命令时发生未知错误: {e}")
logger.error(f"执行命令 {full_cmd_str} 时发生未知错误: {e}")
return False, "", str(e)
def _add_to_fstab(self, device_path, mount_point, fstype, uuid):
"""
将设备的挂载信息添加到 /etc/fstab。
使用 UUID 识别设备以提高稳定性。
"""
if not uuid or not mount_point or not fstype:
logger.error(f"无法将设备 {device_path} 添加到 fstab缺少 UUID/挂载点/文件系统类型。")
QMessageBox.warning(None, "警告", f"无法将设备 {device_path} 添加到 fstab缺少 UUID/挂载点/文件系统类型。")
return False
fstab_entry = f"UUID={uuid} {mount_point} {fstype} defaults 0 2"
fstab_path = "/etc/fstab"
try:
# 检查 fstab 中是否已存在相同 UUID 的条目
# 使用 _execute_shell_command 来读取 fstab尽管通常不需要 sudo
# 这里为了简化,直接读取文件,但写入时使用 _execute_shell_command
with open(fstab_path, 'r') as f:
fstab_content = f.readlines()
for line in fstab_content:
if f"UUID={uuid}" in line:
logger.warning(f"设备 {device_path} (UUID={uuid}) 已存在于 fstab 中。跳过添加。")
QMessageBox.information(None, "信息", f"设备 {device_path} (UUID={uuid}) 已存在于 fstab 中。")
return True # 认为成功,因为目标已达成
# 如果不存在,则追加到 fstab
# 使用 _execute_shell_command for sudo write
success, _, stderr = self._execute_shell_command(
["sh", "-c", f"echo '{fstab_entry}' >> {fstab_path}"],
f"将 {device_path} 添加到 {fstab_path} 失败",
root_privilege=True
)
if success:
logger.info(f"已将 {fstab_entry} 添加到 {fstab_path}。")
QMessageBox.information(None, "成功", f"设备 {device_path} 已成功添加到 /etc/fstab。")
return True
else:
return False # Error handled by _execute_shell_command
except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"处理 {fstab_path} 失败: {e}")
QMessageBox.critical(None, "错误", f"处理 {fstab_path} 失败: {e}")
return False
def _remove_fstab_entry(self, device_path):
"""
从 /etc/fstab 中移除指定设备的条目。
此方法需要 SystemInfoManager 来获取设备的 UUID。
"""
# NEW: 使用 system_manager 获取 UUID它会处理路径解析
device_details = self.system_manager.get_device_details_by_path(device_path)
if not device_details or not device_details.get('uuid'):
logger.warning(f"无法获取设备 {device_path} 的 UUID无法从 fstab 中移除。")
return False
uuid = device_details.get('uuid')
fstab_path = "/etc/fstab"
# Use sed for robust removal with sudo
# suppress_critical_dialog_on_stderr_match is added to handle cases where fstab might not exist
# or sed reports no changes, which is not a critical error for removal.
command = ["sed", "-i", f"/UUID={uuid}/d", fstab_path]
success, _, stderr = self._execute_shell_command(
command,
f"从 {fstab_path} 中删除 UUID={uuid} 的条目失败",
root_privilege=True,
suppress_critical_dialog_on_stderr_match=(
f"sed: {fstab_path}: No such file or directory", # English
f"sed: {fstab_path}: 没有那个文件或目录", # Chinese
"no changes were made" # if sed finds nothing to delete
)
)
if success:
logger.info(f"已从 {fstab_path} 中删除 UUID={uuid} 的条目。")
return True
else:
# If sed failed, it might be because the entry wasn't found, which is fine.
# _execute_shell_command would have suppressed the dialog if it matched the suppress_critical_dialog_on_stderr_match.
# So, if we reach here, it's either a real error (dialog shown by _execute_shell_command)
# or a suppressed "no changes" type of error. In both cases, if no real error, we return True.
if any(s in stderr for s in (
f"sed: {fstab_path}: No such file or directory",
f"sed: {fstab_path}: 没有那个文件或目录",
"no changes were made",
"No such file or directory" # more general check
)):
logger.info(f"fstab 中未找到 UUID={uuid} 的条目,无需删除。")
return True # Consider it a success if the entry is not there
return False # Other errors are already handled by _execute_shell_command
def mount_partition(self, device_path, mount_point, add_to_fstab=False):
"""
挂载指定设备到指定挂载点。
:param device_path: 要挂载的设备路径。
:param mount_point: 挂载点。
:param add_to_fstab: 是否添加到 /etc/fstab。
:return: True 如果成功,否则 False。
"""
if not os.path.exists(mount_point):
try:
os.makedirs(mount_point)
logger.info(f"创建挂载点目录: {mount_point}")
except OSError as e:
QMessageBox.critical(None, "错误", f"创建挂载点目录 {mount_point} 失败: {e}")
logger.error(f"创建挂载点目录 {mount_point} 失败: {e}")
return False
logger.info(f"尝试挂载设备 {device_path} 到 {mount_point}。")
success, _, stderr = self._execute_shell_command(
["mount", device_path, mount_point],
f"挂载设备 {device_path} 失败"
)
if success:
QMessageBox.information(None, "成功", f"设备 {device_path} 已成功挂载到 {mount_point}。")
if add_to_fstab:
# NEW: 使用 self.system_manager 获取 fstype 和 UUID
device_details = self.system_manager.get_device_details_by_path(device_path)
if device_details:
fstype = device_details.get('fstype')
uuid = device_details.get('uuid')
if fstype and uuid:
self._add_to_fstab(device_path, mount_point, fstype, uuid)
else:
logger.error(f"无法获取设备 {device_path} 的文件系统类型或 UUID 以添加到 fstab。")
QMessageBox.warning(None, "警告", f"设备 {device_path} 已挂载,但无法获取文件系统类型或 UUID 以添加到 fstab。")
else:
logger.error(f"无法获取设备 {device_path} 的详细信息以添加到 fstab。")
QMessageBox.warning(None, "警告", f"设备 {device_path} 已挂载,但无法获取详细信息以添加到 fstab。")
return True
else:
return False
def unmount_partition(self, device_path, show_dialog_on_error=True):
"""
卸载指定设备。
:param device_path: 要卸载的设备路径。
:param show_dialog_on_error: 是否在发生错误时显示对话框。
:return: True 如果成功,否则 False。
"""
logger.info(f"尝试卸载设备 {device_path}。")
# 定义表示设备已未挂载的错误信息(中英文)
# 增加了 "未指定挂载点"
already_unmounted_errors = ("not mounted", "未挂载", "未指定挂载点")
# 调用 _execute_shell_command并告诉它在遇到“已未挂载”错误时不要弹出其自身的关键错误对话框。
success, _, stderr = self._execute_shell_command(
["umount", device_path],
f"卸载设备 {device_path} 失败",
suppress_critical_dialog_on_stderr_match=already_unmounted_errors
)
if success:
# 如果命令成功执行,则卸载成功。
QMessageBox.information(None, "成功", f"设备 {device_path} 已成功卸载。")
return True
else:
# 如果命令失败,检查是否是因为设备已经未挂载或挂载点未指定。
is_already_unmounted_error = any(s in stderr for s in already_unmounted_errors)
if is_already_unmounted_error:
logger.info(f"设备 {device_path} 已经处于未挂载状态(或挂载点未指定),无需重复卸载。")
# 这种情况下,操作结果符合预期(设备已是未挂载),不弹出对话框,并返回 True。
return True
else:
# 对于其他类型的卸载失败(例如设备忙、权限不足等),
# _execute_shell_command 应该已经弹出了关键错误对话框
# (因为它没有匹配到 `already_unmounted_errors` 进行抑制)。
# 所以,这里我们不需要再次弹出对话框,直接返回 False。
return False
def get_disk_free_space_info_mib(self, disk_path, total_disk_mib):
"""
获取磁盘上最大的空闲空间块的起始位置 (MiB) 和大小 (MiB)。
:param disk_path: 磁盘路径。
:param total_disk_mib: 磁盘的总大小 (MiB),用于全新磁盘的计算。
:return: (start_mib, size_mib) 元组。如果磁盘是全新的,返回 (0.0, total_disk_mib)。
如果磁盘有分区表但没有空闲空间,返回 (None, None)。
"""
logger.debug(f"尝试获取磁盘 {disk_path} 的空闲空间信息 (MiB)。")
# suppress_critical_dialog_on_stderr_match is added to handle cases where parted might complain about
# an unrecognized disk label, which is expected for a fresh disk.
success, stdout, stderr = self._execute_shell_command(
["parted", "-s", disk_path, "unit", "MiB", "print", "free"],
f"获取磁盘 {disk_path} 分区信息失败",
root_privilege=True,
suppress_critical_dialog_on_stderr_match=("无法辨识的磁盘卷标", "unrecognized disk label")
)
if not success:
# If parted failed and it wasn't due to an unrecognized label (handled by suppress_critical_dialog_on_stderr_match),
# then _execute_shell_command would have shown a dialog.
# We just log and return None.
logger.error(f"获取磁盘 {disk_path} 空闲空间信息失败: {stderr}")
return None, None
logger.debug(f"parted print free 命令原始输出:\n{stdout}")
free_spaces = []
lines = stdout.splitlines()
# Regex to capture StartMiB and SizeMiB from a "Free Space" line
# It's made more flexible to match "Free Space", "空闲空间", and "可用空间"
# Example: " 0.02MiB 8192MiB 8192MiB 可用空间"
# We need to capture the first numeric value (Start) and the third numeric value (Size).
free_space_line_pattern = re.compile(r'^\s*(\d+\.?\d*)MiB\s+(\d+\.?\d*)MiB\s+(\d+\.?\d*)MiB\s+(?:Free Space|空闲空间|可用空间)')
for line in lines:
match = free_space_line_pattern.match(line)
if match:
try:
start_mib = float(match.group(1)) # Capture StartMiB
size_mib = float(match.group(3)) # Capture SizeMiB (the third numeric value)
free_spaces.append({'start_mib': start_mib, 'size_mib': size_mib})
except ValueError as ve:
logger.warning(f"解析 parted free space 行 '{line}' 失败: {ve}")
continue
if not free_spaces:
logger.warning(f"在磁盘 {disk_path} 上未找到空闲空间。")
return None, None
# 找到最大的空闲空间块
largest_free_space = max(free_spaces, key=lambda x: x['size_mib'])
start_mib = largest_free_space['start_mib']
size_mib = largest_free_space['size_mib']
logger.debug(f"磁盘 {disk_path} 的最大空闲空间块起始于 {start_mib:.2f} MiB大小为 {size_mib:.2f} MiB。")
return start_mib, size_mib
def create_partition(self, disk_path, partition_table_type, size_gb, total_disk_mib, use_max_space):
"""
在指定磁盘上创建分区。
:param disk_path: 磁盘路径 (例如 /dev/sdb)。
:param partition_table_type: 分区表类型 ('gpt' 或 'msdos')。
:param size_gb: 分区大小 (GB)。
:param total_disk_mib: 磁盘总大小 (MiB)。
:param use_max_space: 是否使用最大可用空间。
:return: True 如果成功,否则 False。
"""
if not isinstance(disk_path, str) or not isinstance(partition_table_type, str):
logger.error(f"尝试创建分区时传入无效参数。磁盘路径: {disk_path}, 分区表类型: {partition_table_type}")
QMessageBox.critical(None, "错误", "无效的磁盘路径或分区表类型。")
return False
# 1. 检查磁盘是否有分区表
has_partition_table = False
# Use suppress_critical_dialog_on_stderr_match for "unrecognized disk label" when checking
success_check, stdout_check, stderr_check = self._execute_shell_command(
["parted", "-s", disk_path, "print"],
f"检查磁盘 {disk_path} 分区表失败",
suppress_critical_dialog_on_stderr_match=("无法辨识的磁盘卷标", "unrecognized disk label"),
root_privilege=True
)
# If success_check is False, it means _execute_shell_command encountered an error.
# If that error was "unrecognized disk label", it was suppressed, and we treat it as no partition table.
# If it was another error, a dialog was shown by _execute_shell_command, and we should stop.
if not success_check:
# Check if the failure was due to "unrecognized disk label" (which means no partition table)
if any(s in stderr_check for s in ("无法辨识的磁盘卷标", "unrecognized disk label")):
logger.info(f"磁盘 {disk_path} 没有可识别的分区表。")
has_partition_table = False # Explicitly set to False
else:
logger.error(f"检查磁盘 {disk_path} 分区表时发生非预期的错误: {stderr_check}")
return False # Other critical error, stop operation.
else: # success_check is True
if "Partition Table: unknown" not in stdout_check and "分区表unknown" not in stdout_check:
has_partition_table = True
else:
logger.info(f"parted print 报告磁盘 {disk_path} 的分区表为 'unknown'。")
has_partition_table = False
actual_start_mib_for_parted = 0.0
# 2. 如果没有分区表,则创建分区表
if not has_partition_table:
reply = QMessageBox.question(None, "确认创建分区表",
f"磁盘 {disk_path} 没有分区表。您确定要创建 {partition_table_type} 分区表吗?"
f"此操作将擦除磁盘上的所有数据。",
QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No, QMessageBox.No)
if reply == QMessageBox.No:
logger.info(f"用户取消了在 {disk_path} 上创建分区表的操作。")
return False
logger.info(f"尝试在 {disk_path} 上创建 {partition_table_type} 分区表。")
success, _, stderr = self._execute_shell_command(
["parted", "-s", disk_path, "mklabel", partition_table_type],
f"创建 {partition_table_type} 分区表失败"
)
if not success:
return False
# 对于新创建分区表的磁盘,第一个分区通常从 1MiB 开始以确保兼容性和对齐
actual_start_mib_for_parted = 1.0
else:
# 如果有分区表,获取下一个可用分区的起始位置
start_mib_from_parted, _ = self.get_disk_free_space_info_mib(disk_path, total_disk_mib)
if start_mib_from_parted is None:
QMessageBox.critical(None, "错误", f"无法确定磁盘 {disk_path} 的分区起始位置或没有空闲空间。")
return False
# 如果 parted 报告的起始位置非常接近 0 MiB (例如 0.0 MiB 或 0.02 MiB)
# 为了安全和兼容性,也将其调整为 1.0 MiB。
# 否则,使用 parted 报告的精确起始位置。
if start_mib_from_parted < 1.0: # covers 0.0MiB and values like 0.017MiB (17.4kB)
actual_start_mib_for_parted = 1.0
else:
actual_start_mib_for_parted = start_mib_from_parted
# 3. 确定分区结束位置
if use_max_space:
end_pos = "100%"
size_for_log = "最大可用空间"
else:
# 计算结束 MiB
# 注意:这里计算的 end_mib 是基于用户请求的大小,
# parted 会根据实际可用空间和对齐进行微调。
end_mib = actual_start_mib_for_parted + size_gb * 1024
# 简单检查,如果请求的大小导致结束位置超出磁盘总大小,则使用最大可用
if end_mib > total_disk_mib:
QMessageBox.warning(None, "警告", f"请求的分区大小 ({size_gb}GB) 超出了可用空间。将调整为最大可用空间。")
end_pos = "100%"
size_for_log = "最大可用空间"
else:
end_pos = f"{end_mib}MiB"
size_for_log = f"{size_gb}GB"
# 4. 创建分区
create_cmd = ["parted", "-s", disk_path, "mkpart", "primary", f"{actual_start_mib_for_parted}MiB", end_pos]
logger.info(f"尝试在 {disk_path} 上创建 {size_for_log} 的主分区。命令: {' '.join(create_cmd)}")
success, _, stderr = self._execute_shell_command(
create_cmd,
f"在 {disk_path} 上创建分区失败"
)
if success:
QMessageBox.information(None, "成功", f"在 {disk_path} 上成功创建了 {size_for_log} 的分区。")
return True
else:
return False
def delete_partition(self, device_path):
"""
删除指定分区。
:param device_path: 要删除的分区路径。
:return: True 如果成功,否则 False。
"""
reply = QMessageBox.question(None, "确认删除分区",
f"您确定要删除分区 {device_path} 吗?此操作将擦除分区上的所有数据!",
QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No, QMessageBox.No)
if reply == QMessageBox.No:
logger.info(f"用户取消了删除分区 {device_path} 的操作。")
return False
# 尝试卸载分区
# The unmount_partition method now handles "not mounted" gracefully without dialog and returns True.
# So, we just call it.
self.unmount_partition(device_path, show_dialog_on_error=False) # show_dialog_on_error=False means no dialog for other errors too.
# 从 fstab 中移除条目
# _remove_fstab_entry also handles "not found" gracefully.
self._remove_fstab_entry(device_path)
# 获取父磁盘和分区号
# 例如 /dev/sdb1 -> /dev/sdb, 1
match = re.match(r'(/dev/[a-z]+)(\d+)', device_path)
if not match:
QMessageBox.critical(None, "错误", f"无法解析设备路径 {device_path}。")
logger.error(f"无法解析设备路径 {device_path}。")
return False
disk_path = match.group(1)
partition_number = match.group(2)
logger.info(f"尝试删除分区 {device_path} (磁盘: {disk_path}, 分区号: {partition_number})。")
success, _, stderr = self._execute_shell_command(
["parted", "-s", disk_path, "rm", partition_number],
f"删除分区 {device_path} 失败"
)
if success:
QMessageBox.information(None, "成功", f"分区 {device_path} 已成功删除。")
return True
else:
return False
def format_partition(self, device_path, fstype=None):
"""
格式化指定分区。
:param device_path: 要格式化的分区路径。
:param fstype: 文件系统类型 (例如 'ext4', 'xfs', 'fat32', 'ntfs')。如果为 None则弹出对话框让用户选择。
:return: True 如果成功,否则 False。
"""
if fstype is None:
items = ("ext4", "xfs", "fat32", "ntfs")
fstype, ok = QInputDialog.getItem(None, "选择文件系统", "请选择要使用的文件系统类型:", items, 0, False)
if not ok or not fstype:
logger.info("用户取消了文件系统选择。")
return False
reply = QMessageBox.question(None, "确认格式化分区",
f"您确定要将分区 {device_path} 格式化为 {fstype} 吗?此操作将擦除分区上的所有数据!",
QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No, QMessageBox.No)
if reply == QMessageBox.No:
logger.info(f"用户取消了格式化分区 {device_path} 的操作。")
return False
# 尝试卸载分区
self.unmount_partition(device_path, show_dialog_on_error=False) # 静默卸载
# 从 fstab 中移除条目 (因为格式化会改变 UUID)
self._remove_fstab_entry(device_path)
logger.info(f"尝试将分区 {device_path} 格式化为 {fstype}。")
format_cmd = []
if fstype == "ext4":
format_cmd = ["mkfs.ext4", "-F", device_path] # -F 强制执行
elif fstype == "xfs":
format_cmd = ["mkfs.xfs", "-f", device_path] # -f 强制执行
elif fstype == "fat32":
format_cmd = ["mkfs.fat", "-F", "32", device_path]
elif fstype == "ntfs":
format_cmd = ["mkfs.ntfs", "-f", device_path]
else:
QMessageBox.critical(None, "错误", f"不支持的文件系统类型: {fstype}")
logger.error(f"不支持的文件系统类型: {fstype}")
return False
success, _, stderr = self._execute_shell_command(
format_cmd,
f"格式化分区 {device_path} 失败"
)
if success:
QMessageBox.information(None, "成功", f"分区 {device_path} 已成功格式化为 {fstype}。")
return True
else:
return False