fix

backend.py

@@ -881,7 +881,20 @@ def detect_distro_type(mount_point: str) -> str:
         return "unknown"
 
 
-def check_chroot_environment(mount_point: str) -> Tuple[bool, str]:
+def _get_grub_package_install_cmd(distro_type: str) -> str:
+    """获取安装 GRUB 包的命令提示"""
+    package_commands = {
+        "centos": "yum install grub2-tools grub2-pc",
+        "fedora": "dnf install grub2-tools grub2-pc",
+        "debian": "apt-get install grub-pc",
+        "ubuntu": "apt-get install grub-pc",
+        "arch": "pacman -S grub",
+        "opensuse": "zypper install grub2",
+    }
+    return package_commands.get(distro_type, "安装 GRUB 包（请查阅发行版文档）")
+
+
+def check_chroot_environment(mount_point: str, distro_type: str = "unknown") -> Tuple[bool, str]:
     """
     检查 chroot 环境是否可用。
     检测可用的 GRUB 命令及其版本。
@@ -902,8 +915,27 @@ def check_chroot_environment(mount_point: str) -> Tuple[bool, str]:
             log_debug(f"  ✗ 未找到命令: {cmd}")
     
     if not found_commands:
-        log_error(f"chroot 环境中未找到关键的 GRUB 命令")
+        log_error(f"=" * 60)
-        return False, "chroot 环境中缺少 GRUB 命令"
+        log_error(f"chroot 环境中未找到关键的 GRUB 命令！")
+        log_error(f"")
+        log_error(f"目标系统缺少 GRUB 引导加载器。")
+        log_error(f"")
+        log_error(f"解决方案：")
+        log_error(f"1. 进入目标系统的 chroot 环境")
+        log_error(f"2. 安装 GRUB 包：")
+        install_cmd = _get_grub_package_install_cmd(distro_type)
+        log_error(f"   {install_cmd}")
+        log_error(f"")
+        log_error(f"3. 然后重新运行此工具")
+        log_error(f"=" * 60)
+        
+        error_msg = (
+            f"目标系统缺少 GRUB 工具。\n"
+            f"请先安装 GRUB 包：\n"
+            f"{install_cmd}\n"
+            f"然后重新运行修复工具。"
+        )
+        return False, error_msg
     
     # 检查 grub-install 版本（优先使用 grub2-install 如果存在）
     grub_cmd = "grub2-install" if "grub2-install" in found_commands else "grub-install"
@@ -1048,7 +1080,7 @@ def chroot_and_repair_grub(mount_point: str, target_disk: str,
         return False, f"无效的目标磁盘路径: {target_disk}"
     
     # 检查 chroot 环境
-    ok, err = check_chroot_environment(mount_point)
+    ok, err = check_chroot_environment(mount_point, distro_type)
     if not ok:
         return False, err
     
@@ -1118,6 +1150,7 @@ def chroot_and_repair_grub(mount_point: str, target_disk: str,
                 run_command(grub_install_cmd + ["--no-nvram"], "安装标准模式 (no-nvram)", timeout=60)
             else:
                 log_warning(f"removable 模式失败，尝试标准模式")
+                
                 install_errors.append(f"removable 模式: {stderr}")
         
         if not grub_install_success: