new

AGENTS.md

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 
 **BootRepairTool** 是一个用于修复 Linux 系统 GRUB 引导的图形化工具。适用于 Live USB/CD 环境，帮助用户修复损坏的 GRUB 引导加载器。
 
+**v2.0 更新**: 参考 Calamares 安装程序的引导安装模块进行了全面优化，新增多架构支持、EFI fallback、混合启动模式、btrfs 子卷支持等功能。
+
 ## 项目结构
 
 ```
@@ -25,58 +27,127 @@ BootRepairTool/
 ### 1. 分区扫描 (`backend.py:scan_partitions`)
 - 使用 `lsblk -J` 获取磁盘和分区信息
 - 识别 EFI 系统分区 (ESP)
+- **NEW**: 支持 LVM 逻辑卷检测
+- **NEW**: 支持 LUKS 加密分区检测
+- **NEW**: 支持 btrfs 子卷检测
 - 过滤 Live 系统自身的分区
 
 ### 2. 系统挂载 (`backend.py:mount_target_system`)
 - 挂载根分区 (/)
+- **NEW**: 支持 btrfs 子卷挂载
 - 挂载独立 /boot 分区（可选）
 - 挂载 EFI 分区（UEFI 模式）
 - 绑定伪文件系统 (/dev, /proc, /sys, /run)
 
 ### 3. 发行版检测 (`backend.py:detect_distro_type`)
-- 支持: Arch, CentOS/RHEL, Debian, Ubuntu
-- 通过读取 `/etc/os-release` 识别
+支持以下发行版：
+- **Arch 系**: Arch Linux, Manjaro, EndeavourOS, Garuda, CachyOS
+- **Debian 系**: Debian, Ubuntu
+- **RHEL 系**: CentOS, RHEL, Rocky Linux, AlmaLinux, Fedora
+- **openSUSE**: Leap, Tumbleweed
+- **NEW**: Void Linux
+- **NEW**: Gentoo
+- **NEW**: NixOS
 
 ### 4. GRUB 修复 (`backend.py:chroot_and_repair_grub`)
-- **BIOS 模式**: `grub-install /dev/sdX`
-- **UEFI 模式**: `grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=GRUB`
-- 更新 GRUB 配置:
-  - Debian/Ubuntu: `update-grub`
-  - Arch: `grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg`
-  - CentOS: `grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg`
 
-### 5. 卸载清理 (`backend.py:unmount_target_system`)
+#### BIOS 模式
+- `grub-install --target=i386-pc --recheck --force /dev/sdX`
+
+#### UEFI 模式 (参考 Calamares 实现)
+- 自动检测系统架构 (x86_64/i386/arm64/loongarch64)
+- 获取正确的 EFI 参数 (target, grub_file, boot_file)
+- **多重安装策略**（自动回退）：
+  1. 标准安装（带 NVRAM）
+  2. Live 环境/可移动模式（`--removable`）
+  3. 无 NVRAM 模式（`--no-nvram`）
+- **NEW**: EFI Fallback 安装（复制到 `/EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi`）
+- **NEW**: 支持自定义 EFI 启动项名称
+
+#### 混合启动模式 (Hybrid GRUB)
+- **NEW**: 同时安装 BIOS 和 UEFI 引导
+- 适用于需要在不同固件模式下启动的场景
+
+#### GRUB 配置更新
+根据发行版自动选择正确的命令：
+- Debian/Ubuntu: `update-grub` 或 `grub-mkconfig`
+- Arch: `grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg`
+- CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/openSUSE: `grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg`
+
+### 5. 系统检测功能
+
+#### EFI 检测 (`backend.get_efi_word_size`)
+- 读取 `/sys/firmware/efi/fw_platform_size`
+- 支持 32 位和 64 位 EFI
+
+#### 架构检测 (`backend.get_grub_efi_parameters`)
+支持多种架构：
+| 架构 | EFI Target | GRUB 文件 | Boot 文件 |
+|------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
+| x86_64 | x86_64-efi | grubx64.efi | bootx64.efi |
+| i386 | i386-efi | grubia32.efi | bootia32.efi |
+| arm64 | arm64-efi | grubaa64.efi | bootaa64.efi |
+| loongarch64 | loongarch64-efi | grubloongarch64.efi | bootloongarch64.efi |
+
+#### Secure Boot 检测 (`backend.check_secure_boot_status`)
+- 通过 `mokutil --sb-state` 检测
+- 通过 EFI 变量检测
+- 显示 Secure Boot 状态
+
+#### Live 环境检测 (`backend.is_live_environment`)
+- 检测 `/sys/firmware/efi/efivars` 可访问性
+- 自动调整安装策略
+
+### 6. 卸载清理 (`backend.py:unmount_target_system`)
 - 逆序卸载绑定的文件系统
 - 卸载 EFI/boot/根分区
 - 清理临时挂载点
+- **NEW**: 重试机制处理繁忙资源
 
 ## 前端界面 (`frontend.py`)
 
 ### 主要组件
 
-1. **分区选择区域**
+1. **系统信息区域**
+   - 显示 CPU 架构
+   - 显示 EFI 位数（32/64）
+   - 显示 Live 环境状态
+   - 显示 Secure Boot 状态
+
+2. **分区选择区域**
    - 根分区 (/) - 必选
+   - **NEW**: btrfs 子卷选择（自动显示）
    - 独立 /boot 分区 - 可选
    - EFI 系统分区 (ESP) - UEFI 模式下推荐
 
-2. **目标磁盘选择**
-   - 物理磁盘选择 (如 /dev/sda)
-   - UEFI 模式复选框（自动检测 Live 环境）
+3. **目标磁盘选择**
+   - 物理磁盘选择
+   - UEFI 模式复选框（根据 Live 环境自动设置）
 
-3. **日志窗口**
-   - 彩色日志输出（信息/警告/错误/成功）
+4. **高级选项**
+   - **NEW**: 混合启动模式（同时安装 BIOS + UEFI）
+   - **NEW**: EFI Fallback 选项
+   - **NEW**: 自定义 EFI 启动项名称
+   - **NEW**: 强制安装选项
+
+5. **日志窗口**
+   - 彩色日志输出（调试/信息/警告/错误/成功/步骤）
+   - 时间戳显示
    - 自动滚动
+   - 使用等宽字体（Consolas）
 
 ### 工作流程
-
 ```
-扫描分区 → 用户选择分区 → 点击修复 → 挂载系统 → 
+扫描分区 → 用户选择分区 → 检测系统信息 → 
+配置高级选项 → 点击修复 → 挂载系统 → 
 检测发行版 → chroot修复GRUB → 卸载分区 → 完成
 ```
 
-### 线程安全
-
-修复过程在独立线程中运行，避免 UI 卡死。使用 `master.after()` 进行线程安全的日志更新。
+### 自动功能
+- **自动选择目标磁盘**: 根据根分区路径推断父磁盘
+- **自动检测 btrfs**: 显示子卷选择器
+- **自动检测 LVM**: 提示手动选择磁盘
+- **UEFI 模式建议**: 根据 Live 环境给出建议
 
 ## 代码规范
 
@@ -88,10 +159,26 @@ success, stdout, stderr = run_command([...])
 success, disks, partitions, efi_parts, err = scan_partitions()
 ```
 
+### 日志系统
+使用分级日志系统：
+```python
+log_debug(msg)    # 调试信息（灰色）
+log_info(msg)     # 一般信息（黑色）
+log_warning(msg)  # 警告（橙色）
+log_error(msg)    # 错误（红色）
+log_success(msg)  # 成功（绿色）
+log_step(msg)     # 步骤（蓝色加粗）
+```
+
+支持日志回调，可将日志实时显示到前端：
+```python
+backend.set_log_callback(callback_function)
+```
+
 ### 错误处理
 - 命令执行失败时自动清理已挂载的分区
-- 日志记录使用 `[Backend]` 前缀
-- GUI 使用弹窗显示关键错误
+- 详细的错误信息返回
+- 多重回退策略（如 GRUB 安装）
 
 ## 使用限制
 
@@ -100,27 +187,42 @@ success, disks, partitions, efi_parts, err = scan_partitions()
 3. **单线程修复**: 同时只能进行一个修复任务
 4. **UEFI 自动检测**: 根据 Live 环境自动设置 UEFI 模式
 
+## 故障排除
+
+### EFI 启动问题
+1. **标准模式安装失败**: 工具会自动尝试 removable 模式
+2. **无法找到启动项**: 启用 EFI Fallback 选项
+3. **Secure Boot 问题**: 需要在 BIOS 中禁用 Secure Boot
+4. **固件不兼容**: 某些固件需要特定的 EFI 文件路径
+
+### 分区问题
+1. **LVM 逻辑卷**: 需要手动选择目标磁盘
+2. **LUKS 加密**: 需要预先解锁加密分区
+3. **btrfs 子卷**: 工具会自动检测并显示选择器
+
 ## 测试
 
-直接运行 `backend.py` 可进行基础测试（仅扫描分区）:
+直接运行 `backend.py` 可进行基础测试：
 ```bash
 sudo python backend.py
 ```
 
-完整修复测试需要取消注释 `__main__` 块中的测试代码并设置实际分区。
+完整修复测试需要设置实际分区参数。
+
+## 参考
+
+本工具 v2.0 参考了以下项目：
+- **Calamares**: https://calamares.io
+  - 引导安装模块 (`bootloader/main.py`)
+  - EFI 参数获取逻辑
+  - 多重安装策略
 
 ## 潜在改进点
 
-1. **添加 requirements.txt**: 当前无第三方依赖
-2. **国际化**: 当前仅支持中文界面
-3. **配置文件**: 支持保存/加载常用配置
-4. **日志持久化**: 将日志保存到文件
-5. **多语言发行版支持**: 扩展 detect_distro_type
-6. **Btrfs/LVM 支持**: 当前仅支持标准分区
-
-## 注意事项
-
-- **数据风险**: 操作磁盘有数据丢失风险，建议备份
-- **EFI 分区警告**: UEFI 模式下未选择 ESP 会弹出警告
-- **临时挂载点**: 使用 `/mnt_grub_repair_<timestamp>` 格式
-- **依赖命令**: 需要系统中存在 `lsblk`, `mount`, `umount`, `grub-install`, `grub-mkconfig`/`update-grub`
+1. **systemd-boot 支持**: 添加 systemd-boot 安装选项
+2. **rEFInd 支持**: 添加 rEFInd 安装选项（后端已支持）
+3. **ZFS 支持**: 完善 ZFS 文件系统处理
+4. **LUKS 解锁**: 集成 LUKS 解锁功能
+5. **图形化分区**: 添加分区可视化显示
+6. **多语言**: 国际化支持
+7. **日志持久化**: 将日志保存到文件

frontend.py

@@ -1,124 +1,268 @@
 # frontend.py
+# 参考 Calamares 引导安装模块优化
 
 import tkinter as tk
-from tkinter import ttk, messagebox
+from tkinter import ttk, messagebox, scrolledtext
 import threading
 import os
 import re
-import backend # 导入后端逻辑
+import backend
+
 
 class GrubRepairApp:
     def __init__(self, master):
         self.master = master
-        master.title("Linux GRUB 引导修复工具")
-        master.geometry("850x650") # 调整窗口大小
-        master.resizable(True, True) # 允许窗口大小调整
+        master.title("Linux GRUB 引导修复工具 v2.0")
+        master.geometry("900x750")
+        master.resizable(True, True)
+        
+        # 设置窗口最小大小
+        master.minsize(800, 600)
 
         self.mount_point = None
-        self.selected_root_partition_info = None # 存储字典信息
+        self.selected_root_partition_info = None
         self.selected_boot_partition_info = None
         self.selected_efi_partition_info = None
         self.selected_target_disk_info = None
         self.is_uefi_mode = False
+        self.btrfs_subvolume = None
 
-        self.all_disks_data = {} # {display_name: {"name": "/dev/sda"}}
-        self.all_partitions_data = {} # {display_name: {"name": "/dev/sda1", ...}}
-        self.all_efi_partitions_data = {} # {display_name: {"name": "/dev/sda1", ...}}
+        self.all_disks_data = {}
+        self.all_partitions_data = {}
+        self.all_efi_partitions_data = {}
+        
+        # 系统信息
+        self.system_info = {}
+        self._detect_system_info()
 
         self.create_widgets()
         self.scan_partitions_gui()
         
-    def create_widgets(self):
-        # Frame for partition selection
-        self.partition_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(self.master, text="1. 选择目标系统分区", padding="10")
-        self.partition_frame.pack(padx=10, pady=5, fill="x")
-        self.partition_frame.columnconfigure(1, weight=1) # 让 Combobox 填充宽度
+        # 设置后端日志回调
+        backend.set_log_callback(self._backend_log_callback)
 
-        ttk.Label(self.partition_frame, text="根分区 (/)：").grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=2, sticky="w")
+    def _detect_system_info(self):
+        """检测系统信息"""
+        self.system_info["efi_bits"] = backend.get_efi_word_size()
+        self.system_info["cpu_arch"] = __import__('platform').machine()
+        self.system_info["is_live"] = backend.is_live_environment()
+        sb_supported, sb_enabled = backend.check_secure_boot_status()
+        self.system_info["sb_supported"] = sb_supported
+        self.system_info["sb_enabled"] = sb_enabled
+        
+        # 检测 Live 环境 UEFI 状态
+        self.system_info["live_is_uefi"] = os.path.exists("/sys/firmware/efi")
+
+    def create_widgets(self):
+        """创建 GUI 组件"""
+        # 创建主滚动区域
+        main_canvas = tk.Canvas(self.master)
+        scrollbar = ttk.Scrollbar(self.master, orient="vertical", command=main_canvas.yview)
+        self.main_frame = ttk.Frame(main_canvas)
+        
+        self.main_frame.bind(
+            "<Configure>",
+            lambda e: main_canvas.configure(scrollregion=main_canvas.bbox("all"))
+        )
+        
+        main_canvas.create_window((0, 0), window=self.main_frame, anchor="nw")
+        main_canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=scrollbar.set)
+        
+        main_canvas.pack(side="left", fill="both", expand=True)
+        scrollbar.pack(side="right", fill="y")
+        
+        # 鼠标滚轮支持
+        def on_mousewheel(event):
+            main_canvas.yview_scroll(int(-1*(event.delta/120)), "units")
+        main_canvas.bind_all("<MouseWheel>", on_mousewheel)
+
+        # ===== 系统信息区域 =====
+        self.info_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(self.main_frame, text="系统信息", padding="10")
+        self.info_frame.pack(padx=10, pady=5, fill="x")
+        
+        info_text = f"""
+架构: {self.system_info.get('cpu_arch', 'Unknown')} | 
+EFI位数: {self.system_info.get('efi_bits', 'Unknown')}位 | 
+Live环境: {'是' if self.system_info.get('is_live') else '否'} | 
+Secure Boot: {'已启用' if self.system_info.get('sb_enabled') else '已禁用/不支持'}
+"""
+        ttk.Label(self.info_frame, text=info_text.strip()).pack(anchor="w")
+
+        # ===== 分区选择区域 =====
+        self.partition_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(self.main_frame, text="1. 选择目标系统分区", padding="10")
+        self.partition_frame.pack(padx=10, pady=5, fill="x")
+        self.partition_frame.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
+
+        # 根分区
+        ttk.Label(self.partition_frame, text="根分区 (/) *：").grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")
         self.root_partition_combo = ttk.Combobox(self.partition_frame, state="readonly")
-        self.root_partition_combo.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=2, sticky="ew")
+        self.root_partition_combo.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="ew")
         self.root_partition_combo.bind("<<ComboboxSelected>>", self.on_root_partition_selected)
         
-        ttk.Label(self.partition_frame, text="独立 /boot 分区 (可选)：").grid(row=1, column=0, padx=5, pady=2, sticky="w")
+        # btrfs 子卷选择（初始隐藏）
+        self.btrfs_frame = ttk.Frame(self.partition_frame)
+        self.btrfs_frame.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky="ew", padx=5, pady=2)
+        self.btrfs_frame.grid_remove()  # 初始隐藏
+        
+        ttk.Label(self.btrfs_frame, text="Btrfs 子卷：").pack(side="left", padx=(0, 5))
+        self.btrfs_subvolume_combo = ttk.Combobox(self.btrfs_frame, state="readonly", width=30)
+        self.btrfs_subvolume_combo.pack(side="left", fill="x", expand=True)
+        ttk.Button(self.btrfs_frame, text="刷新", command=self._refresh_btrfs_subvolumes).pack(side="left", padx=(5, 0))
+
+        # /boot 分区
+        ttk.Label(self.partition_frame, text="独立 /boot 分区：").grid(row=2, column=0, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")
         self.boot_partition_combo = ttk.Combobox(self.partition_frame, state="readonly")
-        self.boot_partition_combo.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=5, pady=2, sticky="ew")
+        self.boot_partition_combo.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="ew")
 
-        ttk.Label(self.partition_frame, text="EFI 系统分区 (ESP, 仅UEFI)：").grid(row=2, column=0, padx=5, pady=2, sticky="w")
+        # EFI 分区
+        ttk.Label(self.partition_frame, text="EFI 系统分区 (ESP)：").grid(row=3, column=0, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")
         self.efi_partition_combo = ttk.Combobox(self.partition_frame, state="readonly")
-        self.efi_partition_combo.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=5, pady=2, sticky="ew")
+        self.efi_partition_combo.grid(row=3, column=1, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="ew")
 
-        # Frame for target disk selection
-        self.disk_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(self.master, text="2. 选择GRUB安装目标磁盘", padding="10")
+        # ===== 目标磁盘选择 =====
+        self.disk_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(self.main_frame, text="2. 选择GRUB安装目标", padding="10")
         self.disk_frame.pack(padx=10, pady=5, fill="x")
         self.disk_frame.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
 
-        ttk.Label(self.disk_frame, text="目标磁盘 (例如 /dev/sda)：").grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=2, sticky="w")
+        ttk.Label(self.disk_frame, text="目标磁盘 *：").grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")
         self.target_disk_combo = ttk.Combobox(self.disk_frame, state="readonly")
-        self.target_disk_combo.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=2, sticky="ew")
+        self.target_disk_combo.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="ew")
 
-        self.uefi_mode_var = tk.BooleanVar(value=False)
-        self.uefi_check = ttk.Checkbutton(self.disk_frame, text="目标系统使用UEFI启动 (Live环境检测为UEFI)", variable=self.uefi_mode_var)
-        self.uefi_check.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=2, padx=5, pady=2, sticky="w")
+        # UEFI 模式选择
+        self.uefi_mode_var = tk.BooleanVar(value=self.system_info.get("live_is_uefi", False))
+        self.is_uefi_mode = self.uefi_mode_var.get()
         
-        # 尝试自动检测Live环境是否为UEFI
-        if os.path.exists("/sys/firmware/efi"):
-            self.uefi_mode_var.set(True)
-            self.uefi_check.config(state="disabled") # 如果Live是UEFI，通常目标系统也是，且不建议更改
-            self.is_uefi_mode = True # 直接设置
-        else:
-            self.uefi_check.config(state="normal")
-            self.is_uefi_mode = False # 直接设置
-            self.uefi_check.config(text="目标系统使用UEFI启动 (Live环境检测为BIOS)")
+        uefi_text = f"使用 UEFI 模式 (Live环境检测为{'UEFI' if self.system_info.get('live_is_uefi') else 'BIOS'})"
+        self.uefi_check = ttk.Checkbutton(
+            self.disk_frame, 
+            text=uefi_text, 
+            variable=self.uefi_mode_var,
+            command=self.on_uefi_mode_changed
+        )
+        self.uefi_check.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=2, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")
         
-        self.uefi_mode_var.trace_add("write", self.on_uefi_check_changed)
+        # 如果 Live 环境是 UEFI，提示用户
+        if self.system_info.get("live_is_uefi"):
+            ttk.Label(
+                self.disk_frame, 
+                text="⚠️ Live 环境以 UEFI 模式启动，建议保持 UEFI 模式选中",
+                foreground="orange"
+            ).grid(row=2, column=0, columnspan=2, padx=5, sticky="w")
 
+        # ===== 高级选项 =====
+        self.advanced_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(self.main_frame, text="3. 高级选项", padding="10")
+        self.advanced_frame.pack(padx=10, pady=5, fill="x")
         
-        # Start Repair Button
-        self.start_button = ttk.Button(self.master, text="3. 开始修复 GRUB", command=self.start_repair_thread)
-        self.start_button.pack(padx=10, pady=10, fill="x")
+        # 混合启动模式
+        self.hybrid_mode_var = tk.BooleanVar(value=False)
+        self.hybrid_check = ttk.Checkbutton(
+            self.advanced_frame,
+            text="混合启动模式（同时安装 BIOS 和 UEFI 引导）",
+            variable=self.hybrid_mode_var
+        )
+        self.hybrid_check.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=2, padx=5, pady=2, sticky="w")
         
-        # Progress and Log
-        self.log_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(self.master, text="修复日志", padding="10")
+        # EFI Fallback
+        self.fallback_var = tk.BooleanVar(value=True)
+        self.fallback_check = ttk.Checkbutton(
+            self.advanced_frame,
+            text="安装 EFI Fallback（推荐，提高兼容性）",
+            variable=self.fallback_var
+        )
+        self.fallback_check.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=2, padx=5, pady=2, sticky="w")
+        
+        # EFI Bootloader ID
+        ttk.Label(self.advanced_frame, text="EFI 启动项名称：").grid(row=2, column=0, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")
+        self.bootloader_id_var = tk.StringVar(value="GRUB")
+        self.bootloader_id_entry = ttk.Entry(self.advanced_frame, textvariable=self.bootloader_id_var, width=20)
+        self.bootloader_id_entry.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=5, pady=5, sticky="w")
+        
+        # 额外选项
+        self.force_install_var = tk.BooleanVar(value=True)
+        ttk.Checkbutton(
+            self.advanced_frame,
+            text="强制安装（--force）",
+            variable=self.force_install_var
+        ).grid(row=3, column=0, columnspan=2, padx=5, pady=2, sticky="w")
+
+        # ===== 操作按钮 =====
+        self.button_frame = ttk.Frame(self.main_frame)
+        self.button_frame.pack(padx=10, pady=10, fill="x")
+        
+        self.start_button = ttk.Button(
+            self.button_frame, 
+            text="🔧 开始修复 GRUB", 
+            command=self.start_repair_thread
+        )
+        self.start_button.pack(side="left", padx=(0, 5))
+        
+        self.rescan_button = ttk.Button(
+            self.button_frame,
+            text="🔄 重新扫描分区",
+            command=self.scan_partitions_gui
+        )
+        self.rescan_button.pack(side="left", padx=5)
+
+        # ===== 日志区域 =====
+        self.log_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(self.main_frame, text="修复日志", padding="10")
         self.log_frame.pack(padx=10, pady=5, fill="both", expand=True)
 
-        self.log_text = tk.Text(self.log_frame, wrap="word", height=15, state="disabled", font=("Monospace", 10))
+        self.log_text = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(
+            self.log_frame, 
+            wrap="word", 
+            height=15, 
+            state="disabled",
+            font=("Consolas", 10)
+        )
         self.log_text.pack(padx=5, pady=5, fill="both", expand=True)
-        self.log_scrollbar = ttk.Scrollbar(self.log_text, command=self.log_text.yview)
-        self.log_scrollbar.pack(side="right", fill="y")
-        self.log_text.config(yscrollcommand=self.log_scrollbar.set)
         
-    def log_message(self, message, level="info"):
-        """
-        线程安全的日志记录函数。
-        """
+        # 配置日志标签颜色
+        self.log_text.tag_config("debug", foreground="gray")
+        self.log_text.tag_config("info", foreground="black")
+        self.log_text.tag_config("warning", foreground="orange")
+        self.log_text.tag_config("error", foreground="red")
+        self.log_text.tag_config("success", foreground="green")
+        self.log_text.tag_config("step", foreground="blue", font=("Consolas", 10, "bold"))
+
+    def _backend_log_callback(self, message: str, level):
+        """后端日志回调函数"""
+        level_str = level.value if hasattr(level, 'value') else str(level).lower()
+        self._append_log(message, level_str)
+
+    def log_message(self, message: str, level: str = "info"):
+        """线程安全的日志记录"""
         self.master.after(0, self._append_log, message, level)
 
-    def _append_log(self, message, level):
+    def _append_log(self, message: str, level: str = "info"):
+        """添加日志到文本框"""
         self.log_text.config(state="normal")
         
-        tag = "info"
-        if level == "error":
-            tag = "error"
-            self.log_text.tag_config("error", foreground="red")
-        elif level == "warning":
-            tag = "warning"
-            self.log_text.tag_config("warning", foreground="orange")
-        elif level == "success":
-            tag = "success"
-            self.log_text.tag_config("success", foreground="green")
+        # 添加时间戳
+        import datetime
+        timestamp = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%H:%M:%S")
+        log_line = f"[{timestamp}] {message}\n"
         
-        self.log_text.insert(tk.END, message + "\n", tag)
+        self.log_text.insert(tk.END, log_line, level)
         self.log_text.see(tk.END)
         self.log_text.config(state="disabled")
 
     def scan_partitions_gui(self):
+        """扫描分区"""
         self.log_message("正在扫描分区...", "info")
+        self.rescan_button.config(state="disabled")
+        
+        # 清空现有数据
+        self.root_partition_combo.set('')
+        self.boot_partition_combo.set('')
+        self.efi_partition_combo.set('')
+        self.target_disk_combo.set('')
         
         success, disks, partitions, efi_partitions, err = backend.scan_partitions()
 
         if not success:
             self.log_message(f"分区扫描失败: {err}", "error")
             messagebox.showerror("错误", f"无法扫描分区: {err}\n请确保您有sudo权限并已安装lsblk。")
+            self.rescan_button.config(state="normal")
             return
 
         # 清空旧数据
@@ -126,31 +270,46 @@ class GrubRepairApp:
         self.all_partitions_data = {}
         self.all_efi_partitions_data = {}
 
+        # 更新磁盘列表
         disk_display_names = []
         for d in disks:
-            display_name = d["name"]
+            display_name = f"{d['name']} ({d.get('size', 'unknown')})"
             self.all_disks_data[display_name] = d
             disk_display_names.append(display_name)
         self.target_disk_combo['values'] = disk_display_names
 
+        # 更新分区列表
         partition_display_names = []
         for p in partitions:
-            display_name = f"{p['name']} ({p['fstype']} - {p['size']})"
+            extra_info = []
+            if p.get('is_lvm'):
+                extra_info.append("LVM")
+            if p.get('is_btrfs'):
+                extra_info.append("Btrfs")
+            if p.get('is_luks'):
+                extra_info.append("LUKS")
+            
+            extra_str = f" [{', '.join(extra_info)}]" if extra_info else ""
+            display_name = f"{p['name']} ({p['fstype']} - {p['size']}){extra_str}"
             self.all_partitions_data[display_name] = p
             partition_display_names.append(display_name)
-        self.root_partition_combo['values'] = partition_display_names
-        self.boot_partition_combo['values'] = [""] + partition_display_names # 允许不选择独立/boot
         
+        self.root_partition_combo['values'] = partition_display_names
+        self.boot_partition_combo['values'] = [""] + partition_display_names
+
+        # 更新 EFI 分区列表
         efi_partition_display_names = []
         for p in efi_partitions:
             display_name = f"{p['name']} ({p['fstype']} - {p['size']})"
             self.all_efi_partitions_data[display_name] = p
             efi_partition_display_names.append(display_name)
-        self.efi_partition_combo['values'] = [""] + efi_partition_display_names # 允许不选择EFI分区
+        self.efi_partition_combo['values'] = [""] + efi_partition_display_names
 
-        self.log_message("分区扫描完成。请选择目标系统分区。", "info")
+        self.log_message(f"扫描完成: 发现 {len(disks)} 个磁盘, {len(partitions)} 个分区", "success")
+        self.rescan_button.config(state="normal")
 
-    def on_root_partition_selected(self, event):
+    def on_root_partition_selected(self, event=None):
+        """根分区选择事件"""
         selected_display = self.root_partition_combo.get()
         self.selected_root_partition_info = self.all_partitions_data.get(selected_display)
         
@@ -158,152 +317,260 @@ class GrubRepairApp:
             root_part_name = self.selected_root_partition_info['name']
             self.log_message(f"已选择根分区: {root_part_name}", "info")
             
-            # 检查是否是 LVM 逻辑卷
+            # 检测是否为 btrfs
+            if self.selected_root_partition_info.get('fstype') == 'btrfs':
+                self.log_message("检测到 Btrfs 文件系统", "info")
+                self.btrfs_frame.grid()  # 显示子卷选择
+                self._refresh_btrfs_subvolumes()
+            else:
+                self.btrfs_frame.grid_remove()  # 隐藏子卷选择
+                self.btrfs_subvolume = None
+            
+            # 自动选择目标磁盘
             is_lvm = self.selected_root_partition_info.get('is_lvm', False)
             
             if is_lvm:
-                # LVM 逻辑卷无法直接从路径推断父磁盘，提示用户手动选择
                 self.target_disk_combo.set("")
                 self.selected_target_disk_info = None
-                self.log_message("检测到 LVM 逻辑卷，请手动选择 GRUB 安装的目标磁盘。", "warning")
+                self.log_message("检测到 LVM 逻辑卷，请手动选择目标磁盘", "warning")
             else:
-                # 尝试根据根分区所在的磁盘自动选择目标磁盘
-                # /dev/sda1 -> /dev/sda
-                # /dev/nvme0n1p1 -> /dev/nvme0n1
-                # /dev/mmcblk0p1 -> /dev/mmcblk0
-                disk_name_from_root = re.sub(r'(\d+)?p?\d+$', '', root_part_name)
-                if disk_name_from_root in self.target_disk_combo['values']:
-                    self.target_disk_combo.set(disk_name_from_root)
-                    self.selected_target_disk_info = self.all_disks_data.get(disk_name_from_root)
+                # 根据分区路径推断磁盘
+                disk_name_from_root = self._extract_disk_from_partition(root_part_name)
+                
+                # 在磁盘列表中查找匹配项
+                for disk_display in self.target_disk_combo['values']:
+                    if disk_name_from_root in disk_display:
+                        self.target_disk_combo.set(disk_display)
+                        self.selected_target_disk_info = self.all_disks_data.get(disk_display)
                         self.log_message(f"自动选择目标磁盘: {self.selected_target_disk_info['name']}", "info")
+                        break
                 else:
                     self.target_disk_combo.set("")
                     self.selected_target_disk_info = None
-                    self.log_message("无法自动选择目标磁盘，请手动选择。", "warning")
         else:
             self.selected_root_partition_info = None
             self.target_disk_combo.set("")
             self.selected_target_disk_info = None
+            self.btrfs_frame.grid_remove()
 
-    def on_uefi_check_changed(self, *args):
+    def _extract_disk_from_partition(self, partition: str) -> str:
+        """从分区路径提取磁盘路径"""
+        # /dev/sda1 -> /dev/sda
+        # /dev/nvme0n1p1 -> /dev/nvme0n1
+        # /dev/mmcblk0p1 -> /dev/mmcblk0
+        # /dev/mapper/vg-lv -> 保持原样（LVM）
+        
+        if partition.startswith("/dev/mapper/"):
+            return partition  # LVM 无法自动推断
+        
+        # 移除分区号
+        import re
+        patterns = [
+            r'^(/dev/nvme\d+n\d+)p\d+$',  # NVMe
+            r'^(/dev/mmcblk\d+)p\d+$',     # eMMC
+            r'^(/dev/[a-zA-Z]+)\d+$',      # SATA/SCSI
+        ]
+        
+        for pattern in patterns:
+            match = re.match(pattern, partition)
+            if match:
+                return match.group(1)
+        
+        return partition
+
+    def _refresh_btrfs_subvolumes(self):
+        """刷新 btrfs 子卷列表"""
+        if not self.selected_root_partition_info:
+            return
+        
+        partition = self.selected_root_partition_info['name']
+        subvolumes = backend.get_btrfs_root_subvolume(partition)
+        
+        # 尝试获取所有子卷
+        try:
+            import subprocess
+            result = subprocess.run(
+                ["sudo", "btrfs", "subvolume", "list", partition],
+                capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=10
+            )
+            if result.returncode == 0:
+                all_subvols = ["(默认 - 不指定)"]
+                for line in result.stdout.strip().split('\n'):
+                    match = re.search(r'path\s+(\S+)', line)
+                    if match:
+                        all_subvols.append(match.group(1))
+                self.btrfs_subvolume_combo['values'] = all_subvols
+                if len(all_subvols) > 1:
+                    self.btrfs_subvolume_combo.set(all_subvols[0])
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.log_message(f"获取 btrfs 子卷失败: {e}", "warning")
+
+    def on_uefi_mode_changed(self):
+        """UEFI 模式切换事件"""
         self.is_uefi_mode = self.uefi_mode_var.get()
-        self.log_message(f"UEFI模式选择: {'启用' if self.is_uefi_mode else '禁用'}", "info")
+        self.log_message(f"UEFI 模式: {'启用' if self.is_uefi_mode else '禁用'}", "info")
+        
+        # 如果启用 UEFI，建议必须选择 EFI 分区
+        if self.is_uefi_mode:
+            self.log_message("提示: UEFI 模式建议指定 EFI 系统分区", "info")
 
     def start_repair_thread(self):
-        # 禁用按钮防止重复点击
+        """启动修复线程"""
+        # 获取用户选择
+        self.selected_root_partition_info = self.all_partitions_data.get(self.root_partition_combo.get())
+        self.selected_boot_partition_info = self.all_partitions_data.get(self.boot_partition_combo.get()) or None
+        self.selected_efi_partition_info = self.all_efi_partitions_data.get(self.efi_partition_combo.get()) or None
+        self.selected_target_disk_info = self.all_disks_data.get(self.target_disk_combo.get())
+        self.is_uefi_mode = self.uefi_mode_var.get()
+        
+        # 获取 btrfs 子卷
+        btrfs_subvol = self.btrfs_subvolume_combo.get() if hasattr(self, 'btrfs_subvolume_combo') else ""
+        if btrfs_subvol and btrfs_subvol != "(默认 - 不指定)":
+            self.btrfs_subvolume = btrfs_subvol
+        else:
+            self.btrfs_subvolume = None
+
+        # 验证输入
+        if not self.selected_root_partition_info:
+            messagebox.showerror("错误", "请选择目标系统的根分区！")
+            return
+            
+        if not self.selected_target_disk_info and not self.is_uefi_mode:
+            messagebox.showerror("错误", "BIOS 模式下必须选择 GRUB 安装的目标磁盘！")
+            return
+        
+        # UEFI 模式下检查 EFI 分区
+        if self.is_uefi_mode and not self.selected_efi_partition_info:
+            response = messagebox.askyesno(
+                "警告", 
+                "您选择了 UEFI 模式，但未选择 EFI 系统分区 (ESP)。\n"
+                "这可能导致修复失败。是否继续？"
+            )
+            if not response:
+                return
+
+        # 禁用按钮
         self.start_button.config(state="disabled")
+        self.rescan_button.config(state="disabled")
+        
         # 清空日志
         self.log_text.config(state="normal")
         self.log_text.delete(1.0, tk.END)
         self.log_text.config(state="disabled")
-        self.log_message("--- GRUB 修复过程开始 ---", "info")
         
-        # 获取用户选择
-        self.selected_root_partition_info = self.all_partitions_data.get(self.root_partition_combo.get())
-        self.selected_boot_partition_info = self.all_partitions_data.get(self.boot_partition_combo.get())
-        self.selected_efi_partition_info = self.all_efi_partitions_data.get(self.efi_partition_combo.get())
-        self.selected_target_disk_info = self.all_disks_data.get(self.target_disk_combo.get())
-        self.is_uefi_mode = self.uefi_mode_var.get()
+        self.log_message("=" * 60, "step")
+        self.log_message("GRUB 引导修复过程开始", "step")
+        self.log_message("=" * 60, "step")
 
-        if not self.selected_root_partition_info:
-            messagebox.showerror("错误", "请选择目标系统的根分区！")
-            self.log_message("未选择根分区，修复中止。", "error")
-            self.start_button.config(state="normal")
-            return
-        if not self.selected_target_disk_info:
-            messagebox.showerror("错误", "请选择GRUB要安装到的目标磁盘！")
-            self.log_message("未选择目标磁盘，修复中止。", "error")
-            self.start_button.config(state="normal")
-            return
-        
-        # 再次确认UEFI模式下是否选择了EFI分区
-        if self.is_uefi_mode and not self.selected_efi_partition_info:
-             response = messagebox.askyesno("警告", "您选择了UEFI模式，但未选择EFI系统分区 (ESP)。这可能导致修复失败。是否继续？")
-             if not response:
-                 self.log_message("用户取消，未选择EFI分区。", "warning")
-                 self.start_button.config(state="normal")
-                 return
-
-
-        # 启动新线程进行修复，避免UI卡死
-        repair_thread = threading.Thread(target=self._run_repair_process)
+        # 启动修复线程
+        repair_thread = threading.Thread(target=self._run_repair_process, daemon=True)
         repair_thread.start()
 
     def _run_repair_process(self):
+        """执行修复过程"""
         try:
             root_part_path = self.selected_root_partition_info['name']
             boot_part_path = self.selected_boot_partition_info['name'] if self.selected_boot_partition_info else None
             efi_part_path = self.selected_efi_partition_info['name'] if self.selected_efi_partition_info else None
-            target_disk_path = self.selected_target_disk_info['name']
+            target_disk_path = self.selected_target_disk_info['name'] if self.selected_target_disk_info else None
             
-            self.log_message(f"选择的根分区: {root_part_path}", "info")
-            self.log_message(f"选择的独立 /boot 分区: {boot_part_path if boot_part_path else '无'}", "info")
-            self.log_message(f"选择的EFI分区: {efi_part_path if efi_part_path else '无'}", "info")
-            self.log_message(f"GRUB安装目标磁盘: {target_disk_path}", "info")
-            self.log_message(f"UEFI模式: {'启用' if self.is_uefi_mode else '禁用'}", "info")
+            self.log_message(f"根分区: {root_part_path}", "info")
+            self.log_message(f"/boot 分区: {boot_part_path or '无'}", "info")
+            self.log_message(f"EFI 分区: {efi_part_path or '无'}", "info")
+            self.log_message(f"目标磁盘: {target_disk_path or 'N/A (UEFI only)'}", "info")
+            self.log_message(f"UEFI 模式: {'是' if self.is_uefi_mode else '否'}", "info")
+            self.log_message(f"Btrfs 子卷: {self.btrfs_subvolume or '无'}", "info")
 
             # 1. 挂载目标系统
-            self.log_message("正在挂载目标系统分区...", "info")
+            self.log_message("正在挂载目标系统分区...", "step")
             mount_ok, self.mount_point, mount_err = backend.mount_target_system(
                 root_part_path,
                 boot_part_path,
-                efi_part_path if self.is_uefi_mode else None # 只有UEFI模式才挂载EFI分区
+                efi_part_path if self.is_uefi_mode else None,
+                self.btrfs_subvolume
             )
             if not mount_ok:
-                self.log_message(f"挂载失败，修复中止: {mount_err}", "error")
-                self.master.after(0, lambda: messagebox.showerror("修复失败", f"无法挂载目标系统分区。请检查分区选择和权限。\n错误: {mount_err}"))
+                self.log_message(f"挂载失败: {mount_err}", "error")
+                self.master.after(0, lambda: messagebox.showerror("修复失败", f"无法挂载目标系统:\n{mount_err}"))
                 return
 
-            # 2. 尝试识别发行版类型
-            self.log_message("正在检测目标系统发行版...", "info")
+            # 2. 检测发行版
+            self.log_message("正在检测目标系统发行版...", "step")
             distro_type = backend.detect_distro_type(self.mount_point)
-            self.log_message(f"检测到目标系统发行版: {distro_type}", "info")
+            self.log_message(f"检测到发行版: {distro_type}", "info")
 
             # 3. Chroot 并修复 GRUB
-            self.log_message("正在进入Chroot环境并修复GRUB...", "info")
+            self.log_message("正在进入 Chroot 环境并修复 GRUB...", "step")
+            
+            install_hybrid = self.hybrid_mode_var.get()
+            use_fallback = self.fallback_var.get()
+            bootloader_id = self.bootloader_id_var.get() or "GRUB"
+            
+            self.log_message(f"混合模式: {'是' if install_hybrid else '否'}", "info")
+            self.log_message(f"EFI Fallback: {'是' if use_fallback else '否'}", "info")
+            self.log_message(f"启动项名称: {bootloader_id}", "info")
+            
             repair_ok, repair_err = backend.chroot_and_repair_grub(
                 self.mount_point,
-                target_disk_path,
+                target_disk_path or "",  # UEFI 模式下可能为空
                 self.is_uefi_mode,
-                distro_type
+                distro_type,
+                install_hybrid=install_hybrid,
+                use_fallback=use_fallback,
+                efi_bootloader_id=bootloader_id
             )
+            
             if not repair_ok:
                 self.log_message(f"GRUB 修复失败: {repair_err}", "error")
-                self.master.after(0, lambda: messagebox.showerror("修复失败", f"GRUB修复过程中发生错误。\n错误: {repair_err}"))
-                # 即使失败，也要尝试卸载
+                self.master.after(0, lambda: messagebox.showerror("修复失败", f"GRUB 修复失败:\n{repair_err}"))
             else:
                 self.log_message("GRUB 修复命令执行成功！", "success")
 
-
             # 4. 卸载分区
-            self.log_message("正在卸载目标系统分区...", "info")
+            self.log_message("正在卸载目标系统分区...", "step")
             unmount_ok, unmount_err = backend.unmount_target_system(self.mount_point)
             if not unmount_ok:
-                self.log_message(f"卸载分区失败: {unmount_err}", "error")
-                self.master.after(0, lambda: messagebox.showwarning("卸载警告", f"部分分区可能未能正确卸载。请手动检查并卸载。\n错误: {unmount_err}"))
+                self.log_message(f"卸载分区失败: {unmount_err}", "warning")
             else:
-                self.log_message("所有分区已成功卸载。", "success")
+                self.log_message("所有分区已成功卸载", "success")
             
-            self.log_message("--- GRUB 修复过程结束 ---", "info")
+            self.log_message("=" * 60, "step")
+            self.log_message("GRUB 修复过程结束", "step")
+            self.log_message("=" * 60, "step")
 
-            # 最终结果提示
+            # 最终结果
             if repair_ok and unmount_ok:
-                self.master.after(0, lambda: messagebox.showinfo("修复成功", "GRUB引导修复已完成！请重启系统以验证。"))
+                self.master.after(0, lambda: messagebox.showinfo(
+                    "修复成功", 
+                    "GRUB 引导修复已完成！\n\n"
+                    "请重启系统以验证修复结果。\n"
+                    "如果仍无法启动，请检查BIOS设置中的启动顺序。"
+                ))
             elif repair_ok and not unmount_ok:
-                self.master.after(0, lambda: messagebox.showwarning("修复完成，但有警告", "GRUB引导修复已完成，但部分分区卸载失败。请重启系统以验证。"))
+                self.master.after(0, lambda: messagebox.showwarning(
+                    "修复完成，但有警告", 
+                    "GRUB 引导修复已完成，但部分分区卸载失败。\n"
+                    "建议重启系统，这会自动清理挂载点。"
+                ))
             else:
-                self.master.after(0, lambda: messagebox.showerror("修复失败", "GRUB引导修复过程中发生错误。请检查日志并尝试手动修复。"))
+                self.master.after(0, lambda: messagebox.showerror(
+                    "修复失败", 
+                    "GRUB 引导修复过程中发生错误。\n"
+                    "请检查日志并尝试手动修复。"
+                ))
         
         except Exception as e:
             self.log_message(f"发生未预期的错误: {str(e)}", "error")
+            import traceback
+            self.log_message(traceback.format_exc(), "debug")
             self.master.after(0, lambda err=str(e): messagebox.showerror("错误", f"修复过程中发生错误:\n{err}"))
         finally:
-            # 确保按钮状态被恢复
+            # 恢复按钮状态
             self.master.after(0, lambda: self.start_button.config(state="normal"))
+            self.master.after(0, lambda: self.rescan_button.config(state="normal"))
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     root = tk.Tk()
     app = GrubRepairApp(root)
     root.mainloop()
-

tip/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,967 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# === This file is part of Calamares - <https://calamares.io> ===
+#
+#   SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 Aurélien Gâteau <agateau@kde.org>
+#   SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 Anke Boersma <demm@kaosx.us>
+#   SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 Daniel Hillenbrand <codeworkx@bbqlinux.org>
+#   SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 Benjamin Vaudour <benjamin.vaudour@yahoo.fr>
+#   SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014-2019 Kevin Kofler <kevin.kofler@chello.at>
+#   SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2015-2018 Philip Mueller <philm@manjaro.org>
+#   SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2016-2017 Teo Mrnjavac <teo@kde.org>
+#   SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2017 Alf Gaida <agaida@siduction.org>
+#   SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2017-2019 Adriaan de Groot <groot@kde.org>
+#   SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2017 Gabriel Craciunescu <crazy@frugalware.org>
+#   SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2017 Ben Green <Bezzy1999@hotmail.com>
+#   SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 Neal Gompa <ngompa13@gmail.com>
+#   SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+#
+#   Calamares is Free Software: see the License-Identifier above.
+#
+
+import fileinput
+import os
+import re
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+
+import libcalamares
+
+from libcalamares.utils import check_target_env_call, check_target_env_output
+
+import gettext
+
+_ = gettext.translation("calamares-python",
+                        localedir=libcalamares.utils.gettext_path(),
+                        languages=libcalamares.utils.gettext_languages(),
+                        fallback=True).gettext
+
+# This is the sanitizer used all over to tidy up filenames
+# to make identifiers (or to clean up names to make filenames).
+file_name_sanitizer = str.maketrans(" /()", "_-__")
+
+
+def pretty_name():
+    return _("Install bootloader.")
+
+
+def get_uuid():
+    """
+    Checks and passes 'uuid' to other routine.
+
+    :return:
+    """
+    partitions = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("partitions")
+
+    for partition in partitions:
+        if partition["mountPoint"] == "/":
+            libcalamares.utils.debug("Root partition uuid: \"{!s}\"".format(partition["uuid"]))
+            return partition["uuid"]
+
+    return ""
+
+
+def get_kernel_line(kernel_type):
+    """
+    Passes 'kernel_line' to other routine based on configuration file.
+
+    :param kernel_type:
+    :return:
+    """
+    if kernel_type == "fallback":
+        if "fallbackKernelLine" in libcalamares.job.configuration:
+            return libcalamares.job.configuration["fallbackKernelLine"]
+        else:
+            return " (fallback)"
+    else:
+        if "kernelLine" in libcalamares.job.configuration:
+            return libcalamares.job.configuration["kernelLine"]
+        else:
+            return ""
+
+
+def get_zfs_root():
+    """
+    Looks in global storage to find the zfs root
+
+    :return: A string containing the path to the zfs root or None if it is not found
+    """
+
+    zfs = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("zfsDatasets")
+
+    if not zfs:
+        libcalamares.utils.warning("Failed to locate zfs dataset list")
+        return None
+
+    # Find the root dataset
+    for dataset in zfs:
+        try:
+            if dataset["mountpoint"] == "/":
+                return dataset["zpool"] + "/" + dataset["dsName"]
+        except KeyError:
+            # This should be impossible
+            libcalamares.utils.warning("Internal error handling zfs dataset")
+            raise
+
+    return None
+
+
+def is_btrfs_root(partition):
+    """ Returns True if the partition object refers to a btrfs root filesystem
+
+    :param partition: A partition map from global storage
+    :return: True if btrfs and root, False otherwise
+    """
+    return partition["mountPoint"] == "/" and partition["fs"] == "btrfs"
+
+
+def is_zfs_root(partition):
+    """ Returns True if the partition object refers to a zfs root filesystem
+
+    :param partition: A partition map from global storage
+    :return: True if zfs and root, False otherwise
+    """
+    return partition["mountPoint"] == "/" and partition["fs"] == "zfs"
+
+
+def have_program_in_target(program : str):
+    """Returns @c True if @p program is in path in the target"""
+    return libcalamares.utils.target_env_call(["/usr/bin/which", program]) == 0
+
+
+def get_kernel_params(uuid):
+    # Configured kernel parameters (default "quiet"), if plymouth installed, add splash
+    # screen parameter and then "rw".
+    kernel_params = libcalamares.job.configuration.get("kernelParams", ["quiet"])
+    if have_program_in_target("plymouth"):
+        kernel_params.append("splash")
+    kernel_params.append("rw")
+
+    use_systemd_naming = have_program_in_target("dracut") or (libcalamares.utils.target_env_call(["/usr/bin/grep", "-q", "^HOOKS.*systemd", "/etc/mkinitcpio.conf"]) == 0)
+
+    partitions = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("partitions")
+
+    cryptdevice_params = []
+    swap_uuid = ""
+    swap_outer_mappername = None
+    swap_outer_uuid = None
+
+    # Take over swap settings:
+    #  - unencrypted swap partition sets swap_uuid
+    #  - encrypted root sets cryptdevice_params
+    for partition in partitions:
+        if partition["fs"] == "linuxswap" and not partition.get("claimed", None):
+            # Skip foreign swap
+            continue
+        has_luks = "luksMapperName" in partition
+        if partition["fs"] == "linuxswap" and not has_luks:
+            swap_uuid = partition["uuid"]
+
+        if partition["fs"] == "linuxswap" and has_luks:
+            swap_outer_mappername = partition["luksMapperName"]
+            swap_outer_uuid = partition["luksUuid"]
+
+        if partition["mountPoint"] == "/" and has_luks:
+            if use_systemd_naming:
+                cryptdevice_params = [f"rd.luks.uuid={partition['luksUuid']}"]
+            else:
+                cryptdevice_params = [f"cryptdevice=UUID={partition['luksUuid']}:{partition['luksMapperName']}"]
+            cryptdevice_params.append(f"root=/dev/mapper/{partition['luksMapperName']}")
+
+    # btrfs and zfs handling
+    for partition in partitions:
+        # If a btrfs root subvolume wasn't set, it means the root is directly on the partition
+        # and this option isn't needed
+        if is_btrfs_root(partition):
+            btrfs_root_subvolume = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("btrfsRootSubvolume")
+            if btrfs_root_subvolume:
+                kernel_params.append("rootflags=subvol=" + btrfs_root_subvolume)
+
+        # zfs needs to be told the location of the root dataset
+        if is_zfs_root(partition):
+            zfs_root_path = get_zfs_root()
+            if zfs_root_path is not None:
+                kernel_params.append("root=ZFS=" + zfs_root_path)
+            else:
+                # Something is really broken if we get to this point
+                libcalamares.utils.warning("Internal error handling zfs dataset")
+                raise Exception("Internal zfs data missing, please contact your distribution")
+
+    if cryptdevice_params:
+        kernel_params.extend(cryptdevice_params)
+    else:
+        kernel_params.append("root=UUID={!s}".format(uuid))
+
+    if swap_uuid:
+        kernel_params.append("resume=UUID={!s}".format(swap_uuid))
+
+    if use_systemd_naming and swap_outer_uuid:
+        kernel_params.append(f"rd.luks.uuid={swap_outer_uuid}")
+
+    if swap_outer_mappername:
+        kernel_params.append(f"resume=/dev/mapper/{swap_outer_mappername}")
+
+    return kernel_params
+
+
+def create_systemd_boot_conf(installation_root_path, efi_dir, uuid, kernel, kernel_version):
+    """
+    Creates systemd-boot configuration files based on given parameters.
+
+    :param installation_root_path: A string containing the absolute path to the root of the installation
+    :param efi_dir: A string containing the path to the efi dir relative to the root of the installation
+    :param uuid: A string containing the UUID of the root volume
+    :param kernel: A string containing the path to the kernel relative to the root of the installation
+    :param kernel_version: The kernel version string
+    """
+
+    # Get the kernel params and write them to /etc/kernel/cmdline
+    # This file is used by kernel-install
+    kernel_params = " ".join(get_kernel_params(uuid))
+    kernel_cmdline_path = os.path.join(installation_root_path, "etc", "kernel")
+    os.makedirs(kernel_cmdline_path, exist_ok=True)
+    with open(os.path.join(kernel_cmdline_path, "cmdline"), "w") as cmdline_file:
+        cmdline_file.write(kernel_params)
+
+    libcalamares.utils.debug(f"Configuring kernel version {kernel_version}")
+
+    # get the machine-id
+    with open(os.path.join(installation_root_path, "etc", "machine-id"), 'r') as machineid_file:
+        machine_id = machineid_file.read().rstrip('\n')
+
+    # Ensure the directory exists
+    machine_dir = os.path.join(installation_root_path + efi_dir, machine_id)
+    os.makedirs(machine_dir, exist_ok=True)
+
+    # Call kernel-install for each kernel
+    libcalamares.utils.target_env_process_output(["kernel-install",
+                                                  "add",
+                                                  kernel_version,
+                                                  os.path.join("/", kernel)])
+
+
+def create_loader(loader_path, installation_root_path):
+    """
+    Writes configuration for loader.
+
+    :param loader_path: The absolute path to the loader.conf file
+    :param installation_root_path: The path to the root of the target installation
+    """
+
+    # get the machine-id
+    with open(os.path.join(installation_root_path, "etc", "machine-id"), 'r') as machineid_file:
+        machine_id = machineid_file.read().rstrip('\n')
+
+    try:
+        loader_entries = libcalamares.job.configuration["loaderEntries"]
+    except KeyError:
+        libcalamares.utils.debug("No aditional loader entries found in config")
+        loader_entries = []
+        pass
+
+    lines = [f"default {machine_id}*"]
+
+    lines.extend(loader_entries)
+
+    with open(loader_path, 'w') as loader_file:
+        for line in lines:
+            loader_file.write(line + "\n")
+
+
+class SuffixIterator(object):
+    """
+    Wrapper for one of the "generator" classes below to behave like
+    a proper Python iterator. The iterator is initialized with a
+    maximum number of attempts to generate a new suffix.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, attempts, generator):
+        self.generator = generator
+        self.attempts = attempts
+        self.counter = 0
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self):
+        self.counter += 1
+        if self.counter <= self.attempts:
+            return self.generator.next()
+        raise StopIteration
+
+
+class serialEfi(object):
+    """
+    EFI Id generator that appends a serial number to the given name.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+        # So the first call to next() will bump it to 0
+        self.counter = -1
+
+    def next(self):
+        self.counter += 1
+        if self.counter > 0:
+            return "{!s}{!s}".format(self.name, self.counter)
+        else:
+            return self.name
+
+
+def render_in_base(value, base_values, length=-1):
+    """
+    Renders @p value in base-N, where N is the number of
+    items in @p base_values. When rendering, use the items
+    of @p base_values (e.g. use "0123456789" to get regular decimal
+    rendering, or "ABCDEFGHIJ" for letters-as-numbers 'encoding').
+
+    If length is positive, pads out to at least that long with
+    leading "zeroes", whatever base_values[0] is.
+    """
+    if value < 0:
+        raise ValueError("Cannot render negative values")
+    if len(base_values) < 2:
+        raise ValueError("Insufficient items for base-N rendering")
+    if length < 1:
+        length = 1
+    digits = []
+    base = len(base_values)
+    while value > 0:
+        place = value % base
+        value = value // base
+        digits.append(base_values[place])
+    while len(digits) < length:
+        digits.append(base_values[0])
+    return "".join(reversed(digits))
+
+
+class randomEfi(object):
+    """
+    EFI Id generator that appends a random 4-digit hex number to the given name.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+        # So the first call to next() will bump it to 0
+        self.counter = -1
+
+    def next(self):
+        self.counter += 1
+        if self.counter > 0:
+            import random
+            v = random.randint(0, 65535)  # 16 bits
+            return "{!s}{!s}".format(self.name, render_in_base(v, "0123456789ABCDEF", 4))
+        else:
+            return self.name
+
+
+class phraseEfi(object):
+    """
+    EFI Id generator that appends a random phrase to the given name.
+    """
+    words = ("Sun", "Moon", "Mars", "Soyuz", "Falcon", "Kuaizhou", "Gaganyaan")
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+        # So the first call to next() will bump it to 0
+        self.counter = -1
+
+    def next(self):
+        self.counter += 1
+        if self.counter > 0:
+            import random
+            desired_length = 1 + self.counter // 5
+            v = random.randint(0, len(self.words) ** desired_length)
+            return "{!s}{!s}".format(self.name, render_in_base(v, self.words))
+        else:
+            return self.name
+
+
+def get_efi_suffix_generator(name):
+    """
+    Handle EFI bootloader Ids with ${<something>} for suffix-processing.
+    """
+    if "${" not in name:
+        raise ValueError("Misplaced call to get_efi_suffix_generator, no ${}")
+    if not name.endswith("}"):
+        raise ValueError("Misplaced call to get_efi_suffix_generator, no trailing ${}")
+    if name.count("${") > 1:
+        raise ValueError("EFI ID {!r} contains multiple generators".format(name))
+    import re
+    prefix, generator_name = re.match("(.*)\${([^}]*)}$", name).groups()
+    if generator_name not in ("SERIAL", "RANDOM", "PHRASE"):
+        raise ValueError("EFI suffix {!r} is unknown".format(generator_name))
+
+    generator = None
+    if generator_name == "SERIAL":
+        generator = serialEfi(prefix)
+    elif generator_name == "RANDOM":
+        generator = randomEfi(prefix)
+    elif generator_name == "PHRASE":
+        generator = phraseEfi(prefix)
+    if generator is None:
+        raise ValueError("EFI suffix {!r} is unsupported".format(generator_name))
+
+    return generator
+
+
+def change_efi_suffix(efi_directory, bootloader_id):
+    """
+    Returns a label based on @p bootloader_id that is usable within
+    @p efi_directory. If there is a ${<something>} suffix marker
+    in the given id, tries to generate a unique label.
+    """
+    if bootloader_id.endswith("}") and "${" in bootloader_id:
+        # Do 10 attempts with any suffix generator
+        g = SuffixIterator(10, get_efi_suffix_generator(bootloader_id))
+    else:
+        # Just one attempt
+        g = [bootloader_id]
+
+    for candidate_name in g:
+        if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(efi_directory, candidate_name)):
+            return candidate_name
+    return bootloader_id
+
+
+def efi_label(efi_directory):
+    """
+    Returns a sanitized label, possibly unique, that can be
+    used within @p efi_directory.
+    """
+    if "efiBootloaderId" in libcalamares.job.configuration:
+        efi_bootloader_id = change_efi_suffix(efi_directory, libcalamares.job.configuration["efiBootloaderId"])
+    else:
+        branding = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("branding")
+        efi_bootloader_id = branding["bootloaderEntryName"]
+
+    return efi_bootloader_id.translate(file_name_sanitizer)
+
+
+def efi_word_size():
+    # get bitness of the underlying UEFI
+    try:
+        sysfile = open("/sys/firmware/efi/fw_platform_size", "r")
+        efi_bitness = sysfile.read(2)
+    except Exception:
+        # if the kernel is older than 4.0, the UEFI bitness likely isn't
+        # exposed to the userspace so we assume a 64 bit UEFI here
+        efi_bitness = "64"
+    return efi_bitness
+
+
+def efi_boot_next():
+    """
+    Tell EFI to definitely boot into the just-installed
+    system next time.
+    """
+    boot_mgr = libcalamares.job.configuration["efiBootMgr"]
+    boot_entry = None
+    efi_bootvars = subprocess.check_output([boot_mgr], universal_newlines=True)
+    for line in efi_bootvars.split('\n'):
+        if not line:
+            continue
+        words = line.split()
+        if len(words) >= 2 and words[0] == "BootOrder:":
+            boot_entry = words[1].split(',')[0]
+            break
+    if boot_entry:
+        subprocess.call([boot_mgr, "-n", boot_entry])
+
+
+def get_kernels(installation_root_path):
+    """
+    Gets a list of kernels and associated values for each kernel.  This will work as is for many distros.
+    If not, it should be safe to modify it to better support your distro
+
+    :param installation_root_path: A string with the absolute path to the root of the installation
+
+    Returns a list of 3-tuples
+
+    Each 3-tuple contains the kernel, kernel_type and kernel_version
+    """
+    try:
+        kernel_search_path = libcalamares.job.configuration["kernelSearchPath"]
+    except KeyError:
+        libcalamares.utils.warning("No kernel pattern found in configuration, using '/usr/lib/modules'")
+        kernel_search_path = "/usr/lib/modules"
+        pass
+
+    kernel_list = []
+
+    try:
+        kernel_pattern = libcalamares.job.configuration["kernelPattern"]
+    except KeyError:
+        libcalamares.utils.warning("No kernel pattern found in configuration, using 'vmlinuz'")
+        kernel_pattern = "vmlinuz"
+        pass
+
+    # find all the installed kernels
+    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(os.path.join(installation_root_path, kernel_search_path.lstrip('/'))):
+        for file in files:
+            if re.search(kernel_pattern, file):
+                rel_root = os.path.relpath(root, installation_root_path)
+                kernel_list.append((os.path.join(rel_root, file), "default", os.path.basename(root)))
+
+    return kernel_list
+
+
+def install_clr_boot_manager():
+    """
+    Installs clr-boot-manager as the bootloader for EFI systems
+    """
+    libcalamares.utils.debug("Bootloader: clr-boot-manager")
+
+    installation_root_path = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("rootMountPoint")
+    kernel_config_path = os.path.join(installation_root_path, "etc", "kernel")
+    os.makedirs(kernel_config_path, exist_ok=True)
+    cmdline_path = os.path.join(kernel_config_path, "cmdline")
+
+    # Get the kernel params
+    uuid = get_uuid()
+    kernel_params = " ".join(get_kernel_params(uuid))
+
+    # Write out the cmdline file for clr-boot-manager
+    with open(cmdline_path, "w") as cmdline_file:
+        cmdline_file.write(kernel_params)
+
+    check_target_env_call(["clr-boot-manager", "update"])
+
+
+def install_systemd_boot(efi_directory):
+    """
+    Installs systemd-boot as bootloader for EFI setups.
+
+    :param efi_directory:
+    """
+    libcalamares.utils.debug("Bootloader: systemd-boot")
+    installation_root_path = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("rootMountPoint")
+    install_efi_directory = installation_root_path + efi_directory
+    uuid = get_uuid()
+    loader_path = os.path.join(install_efi_directory,
+                               "loader",
+                               "loader.conf")
+    subprocess.call(["bootctl",
+                     "--path={!s}".format(install_efi_directory),
+                     "install"])
+
+    for (kernel, kernel_type, kernel_version) in get_kernels(installation_root_path):
+        create_systemd_boot_conf(installation_root_path,
+                                 efi_directory,
+                                 uuid,
+                                 kernel,
+                                 kernel_version)
+
+    create_loader(loader_path, installation_root_path)
+
+
+def get_grub_efi_parameters():
+    """
+    Returns a 3-tuple of suitable parameters for GRUB EFI installation,
+    depending on the host machine architecture. The return is
+        - target name
+        - grub.efi name
+        - boot.efi name
+    all three are strings. May return None if there is no suitable
+    set for the current machine. May return unsuitable values if the
+    host architecture is unknown (e.g. defaults to x86_64).
+    """
+    import platform
+    efi_bitness = efi_word_size()
+    cpu_type = platform.machine()
+
+    if efi_bitness == "32":
+        # Assume all 32-bitters are legacy x86
+        return "i386-efi", "grubia32.efi", "bootia32.efi"
+    elif efi_bitness == "64" and cpu_type == "aarch64":
+        return "arm64-efi", "grubaa64.efi", "bootaa64.efi"
+    elif efi_bitness == "64" and cpu_type == "loongarch64":
+        return "loongarch64-efi", "grubloongarch64.efi", "bootloongarch64.efi"
+    elif efi_bitness == "64":
+        # If it's not ARM, must by AMD64
+        return "x86_64-efi", "grubx64.efi", "bootx64.efi"
+    libcalamares.utils.warning(
+        "Could not find GRUB parameters for bits {b} and cpu {c}".format(b=repr(efi_bitness), c=repr(cpu_type)))
+    return None
+
+
+def run_grub_mkconfig(partitions, output_file):
+    """
+    Runs grub-mkconfig in the target environment
+
+    :param partitions: The partitions list from global storage
+    :param output_file: A string containing the path to the generating grub config file
+    :return:
+    """
+
+    # zfs needs an environment variable set for grub-mkconfig
+    if any([is_zfs_root(partition) for partition in partitions]):
+        check_target_env_call(["sh", "-c", "ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=1 " +
+                               libcalamares.job.configuration["grubMkconfig"] + " -o " + output_file])
+    else:
+        # The input file /etc/default/grub should already be filled out by the
+        # grubcfg job module.
+        check_target_env_call([libcalamares.job.configuration["grubMkconfig"], "-o", output_file])
+
+
+def run_grub_install(fw_type, partitions, efi_directory, install_hybrid_grub):
+    """
+    Runs grub-install in the target environment
+
+    :param fw_type: A string which is "efi" for UEFI installs.  Any other value results in a BIOS install
+    :param partitions: The partitions list from global storage
+    :param efi_directory: The path of the efi directory relative to the root of the install
+    :return:
+    """
+    libcalamares.utils.debug("run_grub_install------")
+
+    is_zfs = any([is_zfs_root(partition) for partition in partitions])
+
+    # zfs needs an environment variable set for grub
+    if is_zfs:
+        check_target_env_call(["sh", "-c", "echo ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=1 >> /etc/environment"])
+
+    if fw_type == "efi":
+        assert efi_directory is not None
+        efi_bootloader_id = efi_label(efi_directory)
+        efi_target, efi_grub_file, efi_boot_file = get_grub_efi_parameters()
+
+        if is_zfs:
+            check_target_env_call(["sh", "-c", "ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=1 " + libcalamares.job.configuration["grubInstall"]
+                                   + " --target=" + efi_target + " --efi-directory=" + efi_directory
+                                   + " --bootloader-id=" + efi_bootloader_id + " --force"])
+        else:
+            check_target_env_call([libcalamares.job.configuration["grubInstall"],
+                                   "--target=" + efi_target,
+                                   "--efi-directory=" + efi_directory,
+                                   "--bootloader-id=" + efi_bootloader_id,
+                                   "--force"])
+    else:
+
+        if libcalamares.globalstorage.value("bootLoader") is None and install_hybrid_grub:
+            efi_install_path = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("efiSystemPartition")
+            if efi_install_path is None or efi_install_path == "":
+                efi_install_path = "/boot/efi"
+            find_esp_disk_command = f"lsblk -o PKNAME \"$(df --output=source '{efi_install_path}' | tail -n1)\""
+            boot_loader_install_path = check_target_env_output(["sh", "-c", find_esp_disk_command]).strip()
+            if not "\n" in boot_loader_install_path:
+                libcalamares.utils.warning(_("Cannot find the drive containing the EFI system partition!"))
+                return
+            boot_loader_install_path = "/dev/" + boot_loader_install_path.split("\n")[1]
+        else:
+            boot_loader = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("bootLoader")
+            boot_loader_install_path = boot_loader["installPath"]
+            libcalamares.utils.debug(f"boot_loader_install_path: {boot_loader_install_path}")
+            if boot_loader_install_path is None:
+                libcalamares.utils.debug(f"boot_loader_install_path-none: {boot_loader_install_path}")
+                return
+            
+        # boot_loader_install_path points to the physical disk to install GRUB
+        # to. It should start with "/dev/", and be at least as long as the
+        # string "/dev/sda".
+        if not boot_loader_install_path.startswith("/dev/") or len(boot_loader_install_path) < 8:
+            raise ValueError(f"boot_loader_install_path contains unexpected value '{boot_loader_install_path}'")
+
+        if is_zfs:
+            check_target_env_call(["sh", "-c", "ZPOOL_VDEV_NAME_PATH=1 "
+                                   + libcalamares.job.configuration["grubInstall"]
+                                   + " --target=i386-pc --recheck --force "
+                                   + boot_loader_install_path])
+        else:
+            libcalamares.utils.debug(f"grubInstall-boot_loader_install_path: {boot_loader_install_path}")
+            check_target_env_call([libcalamares.job.configuration["grubInstall"],
+                                   "--target=i386-pc",
+                                   "--recheck",
+                                   "--force",
+                                   boot_loader_install_path])
+
+
+def install_grub(efi_directory, fw_type, install_hybrid_grub):
+    """
+    Installs grub as bootloader, either in pc or efi mode.
+
+    :param efi_directory:
+    :param fw_type:
+    :param install_hybrid_grub:
+    """
+    # get the partition from global storage
+    partitions = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("partitions")
+    if not partitions:
+        libcalamares.utils.warning(_("Failed to install grub, no partitions defined in global storage"))
+        return
+
+    if fw_type != "bios" and fw_type != "efi":
+        raise ValueError("fw_type must be 'bios' or 'efi'")
+
+    if fw_type == "efi" or install_hybrid_grub:
+        libcalamares.utils.debug("Bootloader: grub (efi)")
+        libcalamares.utils.debug(f"install_hybrid_grub: {install_hybrid_grub}")
+        installation_root_path = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("rootMountPoint")
+        install_efi_directory = installation_root_path + efi_directory
+
+        if not os.path.isdir(install_efi_directory):
+            os.makedirs(install_efi_directory)
+
+        efi_bootloader_id = efi_label(efi_directory)
+
+        efi_target, efi_grub_file, efi_boot_file = get_grub_efi_parameters()
+
+        run_grub_install("efi", partitions, efi_directory, install_hybrid_grub)
+
+        # VFAT is weird, see issue CAL-385
+        install_efi_directory_firmware = (vfat_correct_case(
+            install_efi_directory,
+            "EFI"))
+        if not os.path.exists(install_efi_directory_firmware):
+            os.makedirs(install_efi_directory_firmware)
+
+        # there might be several values for the boot directory
+        # most usual they are boot, Boot, BOOT
+
+        install_efi_boot_directory = (vfat_correct_case(
+            install_efi_directory_firmware,
+            "boot"))
+        if not os.path.exists(install_efi_boot_directory):
+            os.makedirs(install_efi_boot_directory)
+
+        # Workaround for some UEFI firmwares
+        fallback = "installEFIFallback"
+        libcalamares.utils.debug("UEFI Fallback: " + str(libcalamares.job.configuration.get(fallback, "<unset>")))
+        if libcalamares.job.configuration.get(fallback, True):
+            libcalamares.utils.debug("  .. installing '{!s}' fallback firmware".format(efi_boot_file))
+            efi_file_source = os.path.join(install_efi_directory_firmware,
+                                           efi_bootloader_id,
+                                           efi_grub_file)
+            efi_file_target = os.path.join(install_efi_boot_directory, efi_boot_file)
+
+            shutil.copy2(efi_file_source, efi_file_target)
+    if fw_type == "bios" or install_hybrid_grub:
+        libcalamares.utils.debug("Bootloader: grub (bios)")
+        run_grub_install("bios", partitions, efi_directory, install_hybrid_grub)
+
+    run_grub_mkconfig(partitions, libcalamares.job.configuration["grubCfg"])
+
+
+def install_secureboot(efi_directory):
+    """
+    Installs the secureboot shim in the system by calling efibootmgr.
+    """
+    efi_bootloader_id = efi_label(efi_directory)
+
+    installation_root_path = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("rootMountPoint")
+    install_efi_directory = installation_root_path + efi_directory
+
+    if efi_word_size() == "64":
+        install_efi_bin = "shimx64.efi"
+    elif efi_word_size() == "32":
+        install_efi_bin = "shimia32.efi"
+    else:
+        libcalamares.utils.warning(f"Unknown efi word size of {efi_word_size()} found")
+        return None
+
+    # Copied, roughly, from openSUSE's install script,
+    # and pythonified. *disk* is something like /dev/sda,
+    # while *drive* may return "(disk/dev/sda,gpt1)" ..
+    # we're interested in the numbers in the second part
+    # of that tuple.
+    efi_drive = subprocess.check_output([
+        libcalamares.job.configuration["grubProbe"],
+        "-t", "drive", "--device-map=", install_efi_directory]).decode("ascii")
+    efi_disk = subprocess.check_output([
+        libcalamares.job.configuration["grubProbe"],
+        "-t", "disk", "--device-map=", install_efi_directory]).decode("ascii")
+
+    efi_drive_partition = efi_drive.replace("(", "").replace(")", "").split(",")[1]
+    # Get the first run of digits from the partition
+    efi_partition_number = None
+    c = 0
+    start = None
+    while c < len(efi_drive_partition):
+        if efi_drive_partition[c].isdigit() and start is None:
+            start = c
+        if not efi_drive_partition[c].isdigit() and start is not None:
+            efi_partition_number = efi_drive_partition[start:c]
+            break
+        c += 1
+    if efi_partition_number is None:
+        raise ValueError("No partition number found for %s" % install_efi_directory)
+
+    subprocess.call([
+        libcalamares.job.configuration["efiBootMgr"],
+        "-c",
+        "-w",
+        "-L", efi_bootloader_id,
+        "-d", efi_disk,
+        "-p", efi_partition_number,
+        "-l", install_efi_directory + "/" + install_efi_bin])
+
+    efi_boot_next()
+
+    # The input file /etc/default/grub should already be filled out by the
+    # grubcfg job module.
+    check_target_env_call([libcalamares.job.configuration["grubMkconfig"],
+                           "-o", os.path.join(efi_directory, "EFI",
+                                              efi_bootloader_id, "grub.cfg")])
+
+
+def vfat_correct_case(parent, name):
+    for candidate in os.listdir(parent):
+        if name.lower() == candidate.lower():
+            return os.path.join(parent, candidate)
+    return os.path.join(parent, name)
+
+
+def efi_partitions(efi_boot_path):
+    """
+    The (one) partition mounted on @p efi_boot_path, or an empty list.
+    """
+    return [p for p in libcalamares.globalstorage.value("partitions") if p["mountPoint"] == efi_boot_path]
+
+
+def update_refind_config(efi_directory, installation_root_path):
+    """
+    :param efi_directory: The path to the efi directory relative to the root
+    :param installation_root_path: The path to the root of the installation
+    """
+    try:
+        kernel_list = libcalamares.job.configuration["refindKernelList"]
+    except KeyError:
+        libcalamares.utils.warning('refindKernelList not set.  Skipping updating refind.conf')
+        return
+
+    # Update the config in the file
+    for line in fileinput.input(installation_root_path + efi_directory + "/EFI/refind/refind.conf", inplace=True):
+        line = line.strip()
+        if line.startswith("#extra_kernel_version_strings") or line.startswith("extra_kernel_version_strings"):
+            line = line.lstrip("#")
+            for kernel in kernel_list:
+                if kernel not in line:
+                    line += "," + kernel
+        print(line)
+
+
+def install_refind(efi_directory):
+    try:
+        installation_root_path = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("rootMountPoint")
+    except KeyError:
+        libcalamares.utils.warning('Global storage value "rootMountPoint" missing')
+
+    install_efi_directory = installation_root_path + efi_directory
+    uuid = get_uuid()
+    kernel_params = " ".join(get_kernel_params(uuid))
+    conf_path = os.path.join(installation_root_path, "boot/refind_linux.conf")
+
+    check_target_env_call(["refind-install"])
+
+    with open(conf_path, "r") as refind_file:
+        filedata = [x.strip() for x in refind_file.readlines()]
+
+    with open(conf_path, 'w') as refind_file:
+        for line in filedata:
+            if line.startswith('"Boot with standard options"'):
+                line = f'"Boot with standard options"    "{kernel_params}"'
+            elif line.startswith('"Boot to single-user mode"'):
+                line = f'"Boot to single-user mode"    "{kernel_params}" single'
+            refind_file.write(line + "\n")
+
+    update_refind_config(efi_directory, installation_root_path)
+
+
+def prepare_bootloader(fw_type, install_hybrid_grub):
+    """
+    Prepares bootloader.
+    Based on value 'efi_boot_loader', it either calls systemd-boot
+    or grub to be installed.
+
+    :param fw_type:
+    :return:
+    """
+
+    # Get the boot loader selection from global storage if it is set in the config file
+    try:
+        gs_name = libcalamares.job.configuration["efiBootLoaderVar"]
+        if libcalamares.globalstorage.contains(gs_name):
+            efi_boot_loader = libcalamares.globalstorage.value(gs_name)
+        else:
+            libcalamares.utils.warning(
+                f"Specified global storage value not found in global storage")
+            return None
+    except KeyError:
+        # If the conf value for using global storage is not set, use the setting from the config file.
+        try:
+            efi_boot_loader = libcalamares.job.configuration["efiBootLoader"]
+        except KeyError:
+            if fw_type == "efi" or install_hybrid_grub:
+                libcalamares.utils.warning("Configuration missing both efiBootLoader and efiBootLoaderVar on an EFI-enabled  "
+                                           "system, bootloader not installed")
+                return
+            else:
+                pass
+
+    # If the user has selected not to install bootloader, bail out here
+    if efi_boot_loader.casefold() == "none":
+        libcalamares.utils.debug("Skipping bootloader installation since no bootloader was selected")
+        return None
+
+    efi_directory = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("efiSystemPartition")
+
+    if efi_boot_loader == "clr-boot-manager":
+        if fw_type != "efi":
+            # Grub has to be installed first on non-EFI systems
+            install_grub(efi_directory, fw_type)
+        install_clr_boot_manager()
+    elif efi_boot_loader == "systemd-boot" and fw_type == "efi":
+        install_systemd_boot(efi_directory)
+    elif efi_boot_loader == "sb-shim" and fw_type == "efi":
+        install_secureboot(efi_directory)
+    elif efi_boot_loader == "refind" and fw_type == "efi":
+        install_refind(efi_directory)
+    elif efi_boot_loader == "grub" or fw_type != "efi":
+        install_grub(efi_directory, fw_type, install_hybrid_grub)
+    else:
+        libcalamares.utils.debug("WARNING: the combination of "
+                                 "boot-loader '{!s}' and firmware '{!s}' "
+                                 "is not supported.".format(efi_boot_loader, fw_type))
+
+
+def run():
+    """
+    Starts procedure and passes 'fw_type' to other routine.
+
+    :return:
+    """
+
+    fw_type = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("firmwareType")
+    boot_loader = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("bootLoader")
+
+    install_hybrid_grub = libcalamares.job.configuration.get("installHybridGRUB", False)
+    efi_boot_loader = libcalamares.job.configuration.get("efiBootLoader", "")
+
+    if install_hybrid_grub == True and efi_boot_loader != "grub":
+        raise ValueError(f"efi_boot_loader '{efi_boot_loader}' is illegal when install_hybrid_grub is 'true'!")
+
+    if boot_loader is None and fw_type != "efi":
+        libcalamares.utils.warning("Non-EFI system, and no bootloader is set.")
+        return None
+
+    partitions = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("partitions")
+    if fw_type == "efi":
+        efi_system_partition = libcalamares.globalstorage.value("efiSystemPartition")
+        esp_found = [p for p in partitions if p["mountPoint"] == efi_system_partition]
+        if not esp_found:
+            libcalamares.utils.warning("EFI system, but nothing mounted on {!s}".format(efi_system_partition))
+            return None
+
+    try:
+        prepare_bootloader(fw_type, install_hybrid_grub)
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+        libcalamares.utils.warning(str(e))
+        libcalamares.utils.debug("stdout:" + str(e.stdout))
+        libcalamares.utils.debug("stderr:" + str(e.stderr))
+        return (_("Bootloader installation error"),
+                _("The bootloader could not be installed. The installation command <pre>{!s}</pre> returned error "
+                  "code {!s}.")
+                .format(e.cmd, e.returncode))
+
+    return None