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+17,36 @@ DEFAULT_GRUB_CONFIG_PATHS = [ ] +def log_step(step_name: str, detail: str = ""): + """输出步骤日志""" + separator = "=" * 60 + print(f"\n[STEP] {separator}") + print(f"[STEP] {step_name}") + if detail: + print(f"[STEP] 详情: {detail}") + print(f"[STEP] {separator}\n") + + +def log_info(msg: str): + """输出信息日志""" + print(f"[INFO] {msg}") + + +def log_warning(msg: str): + """输出警告日志""" + print(f"[WARN] {msg}") + + +def log_error(msg: str): + """输出错误日志""" + print(f"[ERROR] {msg}") + + +def log_debug(msg: str): + """输出调试日志""" + print(f"[DEBUG] {msg}") + + def validate_device_path(path: str) -> bool: """ 验证设备路径格式是否合法（防止命令注入）。 @@ -24,12 +55,6 @@ def validate_device_path(path: str) -> bool: """ if not path: return False - # 允许的格式: - # - /dev/sda, /dev/sda1 - # - /dev/nvme0n1, /dev/nvme0n1p1 - # - /dev/mmcblk0, /dev/mmcblk0p1 - # - /dev/mapper/xxx (LVM逻辑卷) - # - /dev/dm-0 等 patterns = [ r'^/dev/[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$', r'^/dev/mapper/[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$', @@ -42,15 +67,12 @@ def run_command(command: List[str], description: str = "执行命令", timeout: int = COMMAND_TIMEOUT) -> Tuple[bool, str, str]: """ 运行一个系统命令，并捕获其输出和错误。 - :param command: 要执行的命令列表 (例如 ["sudo", "lsblk"]) - :param description: 命令的描述，用于日志 - :param cwd: 更改工作目录 - :param shell: 是否使用shell执行命令 - :param timeout: 命令超时时间（秒） - :return: (success, stdout, stderr) 表示成功、标准输出、标准错误 """ + cmd_str = ' '.join(command) + log_info(f"执行命令: {cmd_str}") + log_debug(f"工作目录: {cwd or '当前目录'}, 超时: {timeout}秒") + try: - print(f"[Backend] {description}: {' '.join(command)}") result = subprocess.run( command, capture_output=True, @@ -60,20 +82,26 @@ def run_command(command: List[str], description: str = "执行命令", shell=shell, timeout=timeout ) - print(f"[Backend] 命令成功: {description}") + if result.stdout: + log_debug(f"stdout: {result.stdout[:500]}") # 限制输出长度 + if result.stderr: + log_debug(f"stderr: {result.stderr[:500]}") + log_info(f"✓ 命令成功: {description}") return True, result.stdout, result.stderr except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e: - print(f"[Backend] 命令失败: {description}") - print(f"[Backend] 错误输出: {e.stderr}") + log_error(f"✗ 命令失败: {description}") + log_error(f"返回码: {e.returncode}") + log_error(f"stdout: {e.stdout}") + log_error(f"stderr: {e.stderr}") return False, e.stdout, e.stderr except subprocess.TimeoutExpired: - print(f"[Backend] 命令超时: {description}") - return False, "", f"命令执行超时（超过 {timeout} 秒）" + log_error(f"✗ 命令超时（超过 {timeout} 秒）: {description}") + return False, "", f"命令执行超时" except FileNotFoundError: - print(f"[Backend] 命令未找到: {' '.join(command)}") + log_error(f"✗ 命令未找到: {command[0]}") return False, "", f"命令未找到: {command[0]}" except Exception as e: - print(f"[Backend] 发生未知错误: {e}") + log_error(f"✗ 发生未知错误: {e}") return False, "", str(e) @@ -87,18 +115,15 @@ def _process_partition(block_device: Dict, all_disks: List, all_partitions: List if dev_type == "disk": all_disks.append({"name": dev_name}) - # 递归处理子分区 for child in block_device.get("children", []): _process_partition(child, all_disks, all_partitions, all_efi_partitions) elif dev_type == "part": - # 过滤掉Live系统自身的分区 mountpoint = block_device.get("mountpoint") if mountpoint and (mountpoint == "/" or mountpoint.startswith("/run/media") or mountpoint.startswith("/cdrom") or mountpoint.startswith("/live")): - # 继续处理子设备（如LVM），但自己不被标记为可用分区 for child in block_device.get("children", []): _process_partition(child, all_disks, all_partitions, all_efi_partitions) return @@ -111,11 +136,10 @@ def _process_partition(block_device: Dict, all_disks: List, all_partitions: List "uuid": block_device.get("uuid"), "partlabel": block_device.get("partlabel"), "label": block_device.get("label"), - "parttype": (block_device.get("parttype") or "").upper() # EFI分区类型GUID + "parttype": (block_device.get("parttype") or "").upper() } all_partitions.append(part_info) - # 识别EFI系统分区 (FAT32文件系统, 且满足以下条件之一) is_vfat = part_info["fstype"] == "vfat" has_efi_label = part_info["partlabel"] and "EFI" in part_info["partlabel"].upper() has_efi_name = part_info["label"] and "EFI" in part_info["label"].upper() @@ -124,24 +148,13 @@ def _process_partition(block_device: Dict, all_disks: List, all_partitions: List if is_vfat and (has_efi_label or has_efi_name or is_efi_type): all_efi_partitions.append(part_info) - # 递归处理子设备（如LVM逻辑卷） for child in block_device.get("children", []): _process_partition(child, all_disks, all_partitions, all_efi_partitions) elif dev_type in ["lvm", "dm"]: - # 处理LVM逻辑卷和Device Mapper设备 mountpoint = block_device.get("mountpoint") - - # 过滤Live系统自身的挂载点 - if mountpoint and (mountpoint == "/" or - mountpoint.startswith("/run/media") or - mountpoint.startswith("/cdrom") or - mountpoint.startswith("/live")): - pass # 仍然添加到分区列表，但标记一下 - - # 尝试获取mapper路径（如 /dev/mapper/cl-root） lv_name = block_device.get("name", "") - # 如果名称中包含'-'，可能是mapper设备 + if "-" in lv_name and not lv_name.startswith("dm-"): mapper_path = f"/dev/mapper/{lv_name}" else: @@ -161,16 +174,16 @@ def _process_partition(block_device: Dict, all_disks: List, all_partitions: List } all_partitions.append(part_info) - # 递归处理可能的子设备 for child in block_device.get("children", []): _process_partition(child, all_disks, all_partitions, all_efi_partitions) def scan_partitions() -> Tuple[bool, List, List, List, str]: """ - 扫描系统中的所有磁盘和分区，并返回结构化的信息。 - :return: (success, disks, partitions, efi_partitions, error_message) + 扫描系统中的所有磁盘和分区。 """ + log_step("扫描系统分区", "使用 lsblk 获取磁盘和分区信息") + success, stdout, stderr = run_command( ["sudo", "lsblk", "-J", "-o", "NAME,FSTYPE,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT,UUID,PARTLABEL,LABEL,TYPE,PARTTYPE"], "扫描分区" @@ -188,43 +201,46 @@ def scan_partitions() -> Tuple[bool, List, List, List, str]: for block_device in data.get("blockdevices", []): _process_partition(block_device, all_disks, all_partitions, all_efi_partitions) + log_info(f"扫描完成: 发现 {len(all_disks)} 个磁盘, {len(all_partitions)} 个分区, {len(all_efi_partitions)} 个EFI分区") + for d in all_disks: + log_debug(f" 磁盘: {d['name']}") + for p in all_partitions: + log_debug(f" 分区: {p['name']} ({p['fstype']})") + for e in all_efi_partitions: + log_info(f" EFI分区: {e['name']}") + return True, all_disks, all_partitions, all_efi_partitions, "" except json.JSONDecodeError as e: + log_error(f"解析 lsblk 输出失败: {e}") return False, [], [], [], f"解析lsblk输出失败: {e}" except Exception as e: + log_error(f"处理分区数据时发生未知错误: {e}") return False, [], [], [], f"处理分区数据时发生未知错误: {e}" def _cleanup_partial_mount(mount_point: str, mounted_boot: bool, mounted_efi: bool, bind_paths_mounted: List[str]) -> None: - """ - 清理部分挂载的资源（用于挂载失败时的回滚）。 - """ - print(f"[Backend] 清理部分挂载资源: {mount_point}") + """清理部分挂载的资源""" + log_warning(f"清理部分挂载资源: {mount_point}") - # 逆序卸载已绑定的路径 for target_path in reversed(bind_paths_mounted): if os.path.ismount(target_path): run_command(["sudo", "umount", target_path], f"清理卸载绑定 {target_path}") - # 卸载EFI分区 if mounted_efi: efi_mount_point = os.path.join(mount_point, "boot/efi") if os.path.ismount(efi_mount_point): run_command(["sudo", "umount", efi_mount_point], "清理卸载EFI分区") - # 卸载/boot分区 if mounted_boot: boot_mount_point = os.path.join(mount_point, "boot") if os.path.ismount(boot_mount_point): run_command(["sudo", "umount", boot_mount_point], "清理卸载/boot分区") - # 卸载根分区 if os.path.ismount(mount_point): run_command(["sudo", "umount", mount_point], "清理卸载根分区") - # 删除临时目录 if os.path.exists(mount_point) and not os.path.ismount(mount_point): try: os.rmdir(mount_point) @@ -236,253 +252,451 @@ def mount_target_system(root_partition: str, boot_partition: Optional[str] = Non efi_partition: Optional[str] = None) -> Tuple[bool, str, str]: """ 挂载目标系统的根分区、/boot分区和EFI分区到临时目录。 - :param root_partition: 目标系统的根分区设备路径 - :param boot_partition: 目标系统的独立 /boot 分区设备路径 (可选) - :param efi_partition: 目标系统的EFI系统分区设备路径 (可选，仅UEFI) - :return: (True/False, mount_point, error_message) """ - # 验证输入 + log_step("挂载目标系统", f"根分区: {root_partition}, /boot: {boot_partition or '无'}, EFI: {efi_partition or '无'}") + if not validate_device_path(root_partition): + log_error(f"无效的根分区路径: {root_partition}") return False, "", f"无效的根分区路径: {root_partition}" if boot_partition and not validate_device_path(boot_partition): + log_error(f"无效的/boot分区路径: {boot_partition}") return False, "", f"无效的/boot分区路径: {boot_partition}" if efi_partition and not validate_device_path(efi_partition): + log_error(f"无效的EFI分区路径: {efi_partition}") return False, "", f"无效的EFI分区路径: {efi_partition}" - # 创建临时挂载点 mount_point = "/mnt_grub_repair_" + str(int(time.time())) + log_info(f"创建临时挂载点: {mount_point}") + try: os.makedirs(mount_point, exist_ok=False) + log_info(f"✓ 挂载点创建成功") except Exception as e: + log_error(f"创建挂载点失败: {e}") return False, "", f"创建挂载点失败: {e}" - # 跟踪已挂载的资源，用于失败时清理 bind_paths_mounted = [] mounted_boot = False mounted_efi = False # 1. 挂载根分区 + log_info(f"[1/4] 挂载根分区 {root_partition} 到 {mount_point}") success, _, stderr = run_command(["sudo", "mount", root_partition, mount_point], f"挂载根分区 {root_partition}") if not success: + log_error(f"挂载根分区失败，清理中...") os.rmdir(mount_point) return False, "", f"挂载根分区失败: {stderr}" + + # 检查挂载是否成功 + if not os.path.ismount(mount_point): + log_error(f"挂载点未激活: {mount_point}") + return False, "", "挂载根分区失败: 挂载点未激活" + log_info(f"✓ 根分区挂载成功") - # 2. 如果有独立 /boot 分区 + # 检查关键目录 + for check_dir in ["etc", "boot"]: + full_path = os.path.join(mount_point, check_dir) + if os.path.exists(full_path): + log_info(f" 发现目录: /{check_dir}") + else: + log_warning(f" 未找到目录: /{check_dir}") + + # 2. 挂载 /boot 分区 if boot_partition: + log_info(f"[2/4] 挂载 /boot 分区 {boot_partition}") boot_mount_point = os.path.join(mount_point, "boot") if not os.path.exists(boot_mount_point): os.makedirs(boot_mount_point) + log_debug(f"创建 /boot 挂载点") + success, _, stderr = run_command(["sudo", "mount", boot_partition, boot_mount_point], f"挂载 /boot 分区 {boot_partition}") if not success: + log_error(f"挂载 /boot 分区失败，开始清理...") _cleanup_partial_mount(mount_point, False, False, []) return False, "", f"挂载 /boot 分区失败: {stderr}" mounted_boot = True + log_info(f"✓ /boot 分区挂载成功") + else: + log_info(f"[2/4] 无独立的 /boot 分区，跳过") - # 3. 如果有EFI分区 (UEFI系统) + # 3. 挂载 EFI 分区 if efi_partition: + log_info(f"[3/4] 挂载 EFI 分区 {efi_partition}") efi_mount_point = os.path.join(mount_point, "boot/efi") if not os.path.exists(efi_mount_point): os.makedirs(efi_mount_point) + log_debug(f"创建 /boot/efi 挂载点") + success, _, stderr = run_command(["sudo", "mount", efi_partition, efi_mount_point], f"挂载 EFI 分区 {efi_partition}") if not success: + log_error(f"挂载 EFI 分区失败，开始清理...") _cleanup_partial_mount(mount_point, mounted_boot, False, []) return False, "", f"挂载 EFI 分区失败: {stderr}" mounted_efi = True + log_info(f"✓ EFI 分区挂载成功") + + # 检查 EFI 分区内容 + efi_path = os.path.join(mount_point, "boot/efi/EFI") + if os.path.exists(efi_path): + log_info(f" EFI 分区内容:") + try: + for item in os.listdir(efi_path): + log_info(f" - {item}") + except Exception as e: + log_warning(f" 无法列出 EFI 目录: {e}") + else: + log_info(f"[3/4] 无 EFI 分区，跳过") - # 4. 绑定必要的伪文件系统 + # 4. 绑定伪文件系统 + log_info(f"[4/4] 绑定伪文件系统 (/dev, /proc, /sys 等)") bind_paths = ["/dev", "/dev/pts", "/proc", "/sys", "/run"] for path in bind_paths: target_path = os.path.join(mount_point, path.lstrip('/')) if not os.path.exists(target_path): os.makedirs(target_path) + log_debug(f"创建目录: {target_path}") + success, _, stderr = run_command(["sudo", "mount", "--bind", path, target_path], - f"绑定 {path} 到 {target_path}") + f"绑定 {path}") if not success: + log_error(f"绑定 {path} 失败，开始清理...") _cleanup_partial_mount(mount_point, mounted_boot, mounted_efi, bind_paths_mounted) return False, "", f"绑定 {path} 失败: {stderr}" bind_paths_mounted.append(target_path) - + + log_info(f"✓ 所有绑定完成") + log_info(f"挂载摘要: 根分区 ✓, /boot {'✓' if mounted_boot else '✗'}, EFI {'✓' if mounted_efi else '✗'}") + return True, mount_point, "" def detect_distro_type(mount_point: str) -> str: """ - 尝试检测目标系统发行版类型。 - :param mount_point: 目标系统根分区的挂载点 - :return: "arch", "centos", "debian", "ubuntu", "fedora", "opensuse", "unknown" + 检测目标系统发行版类型。 """ + log_step("检测发行版类型", f"挂载点: {mount_point}") + os_release_path = os.path.join(mount_point, "etc/os-release") + log_info(f"检查文件: {os_release_path}") + if not os.path.exists(os_release_path): - # 尝试 /etc/issue 作为备选 + log_warning(f"未找到 {os_release_path}，尝试 /etc/issue") issue_path = os.path.join(mount_point, "etc/issue") if os.path.exists(issue_path): try: with open(issue_path, "r") as f: content = f.read().lower() + log_debug(f"/etc/issue 内容: {content[:200]}") if "ubuntu" in content: + log_info(f"通过 /etc/issue 检测到: ubuntu") return "ubuntu" elif "debian" in content: + log_info(f"通过 /etc/issue 检测到: debian") return "debian" elif "centos" in content or "rhel" in content: + log_info(f"通过 /etc/issue 检测到: centos") return "centos" elif "fedora" in content: + log_info(f"通过 /etc/issue 检测到: fedora") return "fedora" - except Exception: - pass + except Exception as e: + log_warning(f"读取 /etc/issue 失败: {e}") return "unknown" try: with open(os_release_path, "r") as f: content = f.read() + log_debug(f"/etc/os-release 内容:\n{content}") - # 解析 ID 和 ID_LIKE 字段 id_match = re.search(r'^ID=(.+)$', content, re.MULTILINE) id_like_match = re.search(r'^ID_LIKE=(.+)$', content, re.MULTILINE) distro_id = id_match.group(1).strip('"\'') if id_match else "" id_like = id_like_match.group(1).strip('"\'') if id_like_match else "" - # 直接匹配 + log_info(f"ID={distro_id}, ID_LIKE={id_like}") + if distro_id == "ubuntu": + log_info(f"检测到发行版: ubuntu") return "ubuntu" elif distro_id == "debian": + log_info(f"检测到发行版: debian") return "debian" elif distro_id in ["arch", "manjaro", "endeavouros"]: + log_info(f"检测到发行版: arch (ID={distro_id})") return "arch" elif distro_id in ["centos", "rhel", "rocky", "almalinux"]: + log_info(f"检测到发行版: centos (ID={distro_id})") return "centos" elif distro_id == "fedora": + log_info(f"检测到发行版: fedora") return "fedora" elif distro_id in ["opensuse", "opensuse-leap", "opensuse-tumbleweed"]: + log_info(f"检测到发行版: opensuse (ID={distro_id})") return "opensuse" - # 通过 ID_LIKE 推断 if "ubuntu" in id_like: + log_info(f"通过 ID_LIKE 推断: ubuntu") return "ubuntu" elif "debian" in id_like: + log_info(f"通过 ID_LIKE 推断: debian") return "debian" elif "arch" in id_like: + log_info(f"通过 ID_LIKE 推断: arch") return "arch" elif "rhel" in id_like or "centos" in id_like or "fedora" in id_like: - return "centos" # 使用centos命令集 + log_info(f"通过 ID_LIKE 推断: centos") + return "centos" elif "suse" in id_like: + log_info(f"通过 ID_LIKE 推断: opensuse") return "opensuse" + log_warning(f"无法识别的发行版，ID={distro_id}, ID_LIKE={id_like}") return "unknown" except Exception as e: - print(f"[Backend] 无法读取os-release文件: {e}") + log_error(f"读取 os-release 文件失败: {e}") return "unknown" +def check_chroot_environment(mount_point: str) -> Tuple[bool, str]: + """ + 检查 chroot 环境是否可用。 + """ + log_step("检查 chroot 环境", f"挂载点: {mount_point}") + + # 检查关键命令是否存在 + critical_commands = ["grub-install", "grub-mkconfig", "update-grub"] + found_commands = [] + + for cmd in critical_commands: + success, _, _ = run_command(["sudo", "chroot", mount_point, "which", cmd], + f"检查命令 {cmd}", timeout=10) + if success: + found_commands.append(cmd) + log_info(f" ✓ 找到命令: {cmd}") + else: + log_warning(f" ✗ 未找到命令: {cmd}") + + if not found_commands: + log_error(f"chroot 环境中未找到关键的 GRUB 命令") + return False, "chroot 环境中缺少 GRUB 命令" + + # 检查 grub-install 版本 + success, stdout, _ = run_command(["sudo", "chroot", mount_point, "grub-install", "--version"], + "检查 grub-install 版本", timeout=10) + if success: + log_info(f"grub-install 版本: {stdout.strip()}") + + # 检查 EFI 目录（UEFI 模式） + efi_dir = os.path.join(mount_point, "boot/efi") + if os.path.ismount(efi_dir): + log_info(f"✓ EFI 分区已挂载到 /boot/efi") + # 检查 EFI 目录权限 + try: + stat = os.stat(efi_dir) + log_info(f" EFI 目录权限: {oct(stat.st_mode)}") + except Exception as e: + log_warning(f" 无法获取 EFI 目录权限: {e}") + else: + log_info(f"EFI 分区未挂载（可能是 BIOS 模式）") + + return True, "" + + def chroot_and_repair_grub(mount_point: str, target_disk: str, is_uefi: bool = False, distro_type: str = "unknown") -> Tuple[bool, str]: """ Chroot到目标系统并执行GRUB修复命令。 - :param mount_point: 目标系统根分区的挂载点 - :param target_disk: GRUB要安装到的物理磁盘 - :param is_uefi: 目标系统是否使用UEFI启动 - :param distro_type: 目标系统发行版类型 - :return: (True/False, error_message) """ + log_step("修复 GRUB", f"目标磁盘: {target_disk}, UEFI: {is_uefi}, 发行版: {distro_type}") + if not validate_device_path(target_disk): + log_error(f"无效的目标磁盘路径: {target_disk}") return False, f"无效的目标磁盘路径: {target_disk}" + # 检查 chroot 环境 + ok, err = check_chroot_environment(mount_point) + if not ok: + return False, err + chroot_cmd_prefix = ["sudo", "chroot", mount_point] - # 1. 安装GRUB到目标磁盘 + # 1. 安装GRUB + log_info(f"[1/2] 安装 GRUB 到 {target_disk}") + if is_uefi: - # UEFI模式：首先尝试正常安装（注册NVRAM启动项） - success, _, stderr = run_command( + log_info(f"UEFI 模式安装...") + + # 检查 EFI 分区是否正确挂载 + efi_check_path = os.path.join(mount_point, "boot/efi/EFI") + if os.path.exists(efi_check_path): + log_info(f"✓ EFI 目录存在: {efi_check_path}") + try: + contents = os.listdir(efi_check_path) + log_info(f" 当前 EFI 目录内容: {contents}") + except Exception as e: + log_warning(f" 无法列出 EFI 目录: {e}") + else: + log_warning(f"✗ EFI 目录不存在: {efi_check_path}") + + # 第一次尝试：正常安装 + log_info(f"尝试 1/3: 标准 UEFI 安装（带 NVRAM）...") + success, stdout, stderr = run_command( chroot_cmd_prefix + ["grub-install", "--target=x86_64-efi", - "--efi-directory=/boot/efi", "--bootloader-id=GRUB"], - "安装UEFI GRUB（带NVRAM）" + "--efi-directory=/boot/efi", "--bootloader-id=GRUB", + "--verbose"], + "安装UEFI GRUB（带NVRAM）", + timeout=60 ) - # 如果失败是因为EFI变量不支持（常见于Live环境修复外部磁盘），使用 --no-nvram 重试 - if not success and ("EFI variables are not supported" in stderr or - "efibootmgr" in stderr or - "NVRAM" in stderr): - print(f"[Backend] 警告: EFI变量访问失败，尝试不使用NVRAM (--no-nvram) 安装...") - success, _, stderr = run_command( - chroot_cmd_prefix + ["grub-install", "--target=x86_64-efi", - "--efi-directory=/boot/efi", "--bootloader-id=GRUB", - "--no-nvram"], - "安装UEFI GRUB（不带NVRAM）" - ) - - # 如果仍然失败，尝试 --removable 选项（某些固件需要） if not success: - print(f"[Backend] 警告: 标准安装失败，尝试 --removable 选项...") - success, _, stderr = run_command( - chroot_cmd_prefix + ["grub-install", "--target=x86_64-efi", - "--efi-directory=/boot/efi", - "--removable"], - "安装UEFI GRUB（可移动模式）" - ) + log_warning(f"标准安装失败，错误: {stderr}") + + if "EFI variables are not supported" in stderr or "efibootmgr" in stderr: + log_info(f"尝试 2/3: 使用 --no-nvram 选项...") + success, stdout, stderr = run_command( + chroot_cmd_prefix + ["grub-install", "--target=x86_64-efi", + "--efi-directory=/boot/efi", "--bootloader-id=GRUB", + "--no-nvram", "--verbose"], + "安装UEFI GRUB（不带NVRAM）", + timeout=60 + ) + + if not success: + log_info(f"尝试 3/3: 使用 --removable 选项...") + success, stdout, stderr = run_command( + chroot_cmd_prefix + ["grub-install", "--target=x86_64-efi", + "--efi-directory=/boot/efi", + "--removable", "--verbose"], + "安装UEFI GRUB（可移动模式）", + timeout=60 + ) + + # 检查安装结果 + if success: + log_info(f"✓ GRUB EFI 文件安装成功") + # 检查生成的文件 + efi_grub_path = os.path.join(mount_point, "boot/efi/EFI/GRUB") + efi_boot_path = os.path.join(mount_point, "boot/efi/EFI/Boot") + + for path in [efi_grub_path, efi_boot_path]: + if os.path.exists(path): + log_info(f" 检查目录: {path}") + try: + files = os.listdir(path) + for f in files: + full = os.path.join(path, f) + size = os.path.getsize(full) + log_info(f" - {f} ({size} bytes)") + except Exception as e: + log_warning(f" 无法列出: {e}") else: - success, _, stderr = run_command( - chroot_cmd_prefix + ["grub-install", target_disk], - "安装BIOS GRUB" + log_info(f"BIOS 模式安装...") + success, stdout, stderr = run_command( + chroot_cmd_prefix + ["grub-install", "--verbose", target_disk], + "安装BIOS GRUB", + timeout=60 ) + if not success: + log_error(f"GRUB 安装失败") return False, f"GRUB安装失败: {stderr}" + + log_info(f"✓ GRUB 安装成功") - # 2. 更新GRUB配置文件 + # 2. 更新GRUB配置 + log_info(f"[2/2] 更新 GRUB 配置文件") + grub_update_cmd = [] + config_path = "" + if distro_type in ["debian", "ubuntu"]: grub_update_cmd = ["update-grub"] + config_path = "/boot/grub/grub.cfg" elif distro_type == "arch": grub_update_cmd = ["grub-mkconfig", "-o", "/boot/grub/grub.cfg"] + config_path = "/boot/grub/grub.cfg" elif distro_type == "centos": - # 检测实际存在的配置文件路径 grub2_path = os.path.join(mount_point, "boot/grub2/grub.cfg") - grub_path = os.path.join(mount_point, "boot/grub/grub.cfg") if os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(grub2_path)): grub_update_cmd = ["grub2-mkconfig", "-o", "/boot/grub2/grub.cfg"] + config_path = "/boot/grub2/grub.cfg" else: grub_update_cmd = ["grub2-mkconfig", "-o", "/boot/grub/grub.cfg"] + config_path = "/boot/grub/grub.cfg" elif distro_type == "fedora": grub_update_cmd = ["grub2-mkconfig", "-o", "/boot/grub2/grub.cfg"] + config_path = "/boot/grub2/grub.cfg" elif distro_type == "opensuse": grub_update_cmd = ["grub2-mkconfig", "-o", "/boot/grub2/grub.cfg"] + config_path = "/boot/grub2/grub.cfg" else: - # 尝试通用命令，先检测配置文件路径 for cfg_path in ["/boot/grub/grub.cfg", "/boot/grub2/grub.cfg"]: full_path = os.path.join(mount_point, cfg_path.lstrip('/')) if os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(full_path)): grub_update_cmd = ["grub-mkconfig", "-o", cfg_path] + config_path = cfg_path break else: grub_update_cmd = ["grub-mkconfig", "-o", "/boot/grub/grub.cfg"] - - success, _, stderr = run_command( + config_path = "/boot/grub/grub.cfg" + + log_info(f"使用命令: {' '.join(grub_update_cmd)}") + log_info(f"配置文件路径: {config_path}") + + success, stdout, stderr = run_command( chroot_cmd_prefix + grub_update_cmd, - "更新GRUB配置文件" + "更新GRUB配置文件", + timeout=120 ) + if not success: + log_error(f"GRUB 配置文件更新失败: {stderr}") return False, f"GRUB配置文件更新失败: {stderr}" - + + log_info(f"✓ GRUB 配置文件更新成功") + + # 检查生成的配置文件 + full_config_path = os.path.join(mount_point, config_path.lstrip('/')) + if os.path.exists(full_config_path): + size = os.path.getsize(full_config_path) + log_info(f" 配置文件大小: {size} bytes") + # 检查配置文件中是否包含菜单项 + try: + with open(full_config_path, 'r') as f: + content = f.read() + menu_entries = content.count('menuentry') + log_info(f" 发现 {menu_entries} 个启动菜单项") + except Exception as e: + log_warning(f" 无法读取配置文件: {e}") + else: + log_warning(f" 配置文件未找到: {full_config_path}") + + # UEFI 模式下输出重要提示 + if is_uefi: + log_step("UEFI 修复完成提示") + log_info(f"GRUB EFI 文件已安装到 EFI 分区") + log_info(f"如果无法启动，请检查：") + log_info(f" 1. BIOS/UEFI 设置中是否启用了 UEFI 启动模式") + log_info(f" 2. 启动顺序中是否有 'GRUB' 或 'Linux' 选项") + log_info(f" 3. 安全启动 (Secure Boot) 是否已禁用") + log_info(f" 4. EFI 分区中的文件: /EFI/GRUB/grubx64.efi") + return True, "" def unmount_target_system(mount_point: str) -> Tuple[bool, str]: """ 卸载所有挂载的分区。 - :param mount_point: 目标系统根分区的挂载点 - :return: (True/False, error_message) """ - print(f"[Backend] 正在卸载分区 from {mount_point}...") + log_step("卸载目标系统", f"挂载点: {mount_point}") + success = True error_msg = "" - # 按照挂载的逆序卸载： - # 挂载顺序: /dev, /dev/pts, /proc, /sys, /run, /boot/efi, /boot, 根分区 - # 卸载顺序: /run, /sys, /proc, /dev/pts, /dev, /boot/efi, /boot, 根分区 - - # 1. 卸载绑定路径（先卸载子目录） bind_paths = ["/run", "/sys", "/proc", "/dev/pts", "/dev"] for path in bind_paths: target_path = os.path.join(mount_point, path.lstrip('/')) @@ -491,43 +705,51 @@ def unmount_target_system(mount_point: str) -> Tuple[bool, str]: if not s: success = False error_msg += f"卸载绑定 {target_path} 失败: {stderr}\n" + else: + log_debug(f"未挂载，跳过: {target_path}") - # 2. 卸载 /boot/efi (如果存在) efi_mount_point = os.path.join(mount_point, "boot/efi") if os.path.ismount(efi_mount_point): - s, _, stderr = run_command(["sudo", "umount", efi_mount_point], f"卸载 {efi_mount_point}") + s, _, stderr = run_command(["sudo", "umount", efi_mount_point], f"卸载 EFI 分区") if not s: success = False - error_msg += f"卸载 {efi_mount_point} 失败: {stderr}\n" + error_msg += f"卸载 EFI 分区失败: {stderr}\n" + else: + log_debug(f"EFI 分区未挂载，跳过") - # 3. 卸载 /boot (如果存在且是独立挂载的) boot_mount_point = os.path.join(mount_point, "boot") if os.path.ismount(boot_mount_point): - s, _, stderr = run_command(["sudo", "umount", boot_mount_point], f"卸载 {boot_mount_point}") + s, _, stderr = run_command(["sudo", "umount", boot_mount_point], f"卸载 /boot 分区") if not s: success = False - error_msg += f"卸载 {boot_mount_point} 失败: {stderr}\n" + error_msg += f"卸载 /boot 分区失败: {stderr}\n" + else: + log_debug(f"/boot 分区未挂载，跳过") - # 4. 卸载根分区 if os.path.ismount(mount_point): - s, _, stderr = run_command(["sudo", "umount", mount_point], f"卸载根分区 {mount_point}") + s, _, stderr = run_command(["sudo", "umount", mount_point], f"卸载根分区") if not s: success = False - error_msg += f"卸载根分区 {mount_point} 失败: {stderr}\n" + error_msg += f"卸载根分区失败: {stderr}\n" + else: + log_debug(f"根分区未挂载，跳过") - # 5. 清理临时挂载点目录 if os.path.exists(mount_point) and not os.path.ismount(mount_point): try: shutil.rmtree(mount_point) - print(f"[Backend] 清理临时目录 {mount_point}") + log_info(f"✓ 清理临时目录: {mount_point}") except OSError as e: - print(f"[Backend] 无法删除临时目录 {mount_point}: {e}") - error_msg += f"无法删除临时目录 {mount_point}: {e}\n" + log_warning(f"无法删除临时目录 {mount_point}: {e}") + error_msg += f"无法删除临时目录: {e}\n" + if success: + log_info(f"✓ 所有分区已卸载") + else: + log_warning(f"部分分区卸载失败") + return success, error_msg -# 示例：如果直接运行backend.py，可以进行一些测试 if __name__ == "__main__": print("--- 运行后端测试 ---") @@ -539,35 +761,3 @@ if __name__ == "__main__": print("EFI分区:", [p['name'] for p in efi_partitions]) else: print("扫描分区失败:", err) - - # 假设有一些分区可供测试，实际运行时需要用户输入 - # 例如： - # test_root_partition = "/dev/sdaX" - # test_target_disk = "/dev/sda" - # test_efi_partition = "/dev/sdY" - # - # if test_root_partition and test_target_disk: - # print(f"\n--- 挂载系统测试 (模拟 {test_root_partition}) ---") - # mount_ok, mnt_pt, mount_err = mount_target_system(test_root_partition, efi_partition=test_efi_partition) - # if mount_ok: - # print(f"系统挂载成功到: {mnt_pt}") - # distro = detect_distro_type(mnt_pt) - # print(f"检测到发行版: {distro}") - # - # print("\n--- 修复GRUB测试 ---") - # repair_ok, repair_err = chroot_and_repair_grub(mnt_pt, test_target_disk, is_uefi=True, distro_type=distro) - # if repair_ok: - # print("GRUB修复成功！") - # else: - # print("GRUB修复失败:", repair_err) - # - # print("\n--- 卸载系统测试 ---") - # unmount_ok, unmount_err = unmount_target_system(mnt_pt) - # if unmount_ok: - # print("系统卸载成功！") - # else: - # print("系统卸载失败:", unmount_err) - # else: - # print("系统挂载失败:", mount_err) - # else: - # print("\n请在代码中设置 test_root_partition 和 test_target_disk 进行完整测试。")